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中文双音节词视觉识别与短时记忆保持量 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
两个实验探讨了汉语双音节词的使用度、笔画复杂性与发音长短对短时记忆保持量的影响。结果表明发音长度显著不同的词在记忆保持量上无显著差别;使用度和笔画复杂性对短时记忆保持量有显著影响;笔画复杂性不同的词识别时间与其记忆保持量有显著负相关。最后讨论了笔画复杂性的短时记忆量与词的识别阶段的可能关系。 相似文献
154.
Transitions in sleep problems from late adolescence to young adulthood: A longitudinal analysis of the effects of peer victimization
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Ling‐Yin Chang Hsing‐Yi Chang Linen Nymphas Lin Chi‐Chen Wu Lee‐Lan Yen 《Aggressive behavior》2018,44(1):69-82
155.
本研究基于双重认知控制理论,通过比较学困组和对照组在持续性操作任务上的表现来探究学习困难青少年的认知控制特点。结果发现:(1)在反应性控制的指标上,学困组和对照组的反应时和正确率不存在显著差异,但学困组对探测刺激的辨别力指数更低,显示学困组的反应性控制能力存在一定不足;(2)在主动性控制的指标上,学困组的反应时更长、正确率更低,且对线索刺激的辨别力指数更低,显示学困组在对线索刺激保持的各项指标上都比对照组更差,说明学困组在主动性控制上的缺陷更为明显。 相似文献
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Daniel F. K. Wong Ting Kin Ng Priscilla S. Y. Ip Mei Ling Chung Joe Choi 《Journal of child and family studies》2018,27(1):227-239
Improvements in parenting skills do not necessarily lead to improvements in child and parent outcomes for children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Cognitive factors such as parental cognitions and parenting self-efficacy may influence such outcomes. Clinical research on the effects of cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) on parental cognitions, parenting self-efficacy and mental health in Chinese parents of children with ADHD is lacking. This quasi-experimental study intended to assess the effects of a culturally attuned group CBT treatment on the mental health and quality of life of Chinese parents aged 26–58 years, with children with ADHD in Hong Kong. Participants in the experimental group received group CBT and standard treatment and their counterparts in the control group received standard treatment. Primary outcome variables of mental health and quality of life and process variables including parenting stress, parenting efficacy and dysfunctional attitudes were measured at baseline, post-treatment and 3-month follow-up. Data were analysed using 2?×?3 ANCOVAs, Cohen’s d statistics and multiple mediation analyses. Group by time interactions were found for most outcome variables. Effect size statistics indicated that group CBT had small to moderate effects on most outcome variables at post-treatment and follow-up assessments. The effect of CBT on mental health was mediated by the reduction in parenting stress and the effect of CBT on quality of life was mediated by the reductions in parenting stress and dysfunctional attitudes. Given its potential benefit, it is worth considering incorporating this group CBT programme into interventions for Chinese parents with ADHD children. 相似文献
158.
Response inhibition is crucial for mental and physical health but studies assessing the trainability of this type of inhibition are rare. Thirty‐nine children aged 10‐12 years and 46 adults aged 18‐24 years were assigned to an adaptive go/no‐go inhibition training condition or an active control condition. Transfer of training effects to performance on tasks assessing response inhibition, interference control, working memory updating, task‐switching, and non‐verbal fluid intelligence were assessed during 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up sessions and/or an immediate post‐training session. Significant training improvements and positive transfer effects to a similar response inhibition task with other stimuli were observed for both children and adults. Reliable albeit short‐lived transfer effects were only found for the children, specifically to working memory updating and task switching. These results suggest some potential for response‐inhibition training programs to enhance aspects of cognitive functioning in children but not adults. 相似文献
159.
自杀是一个严重的社会问题和公共卫生问题。但目前尚未完全了解自杀的影响因素以及预防自杀的方法。流行病学研究表明自杀未遂是自杀的重要预测因素,了解自杀未遂的特征以及影响因素将有助于减少自杀行为的发生。本文对自杀未遂的流行特征以及影响因素进行了综述。 相似文献
160.
免疫抑制剂治疗风湿病疗效显著,但由于其免疫抑制的作用机理,临床应用会引起很多的副作用。由于患者的个体差异,治疗作用与副反应不尽相同。所以,在治疗的时候应该尽量扩大治疗作用减少副作用,并向患者阐明药物的双重性。 相似文献