Justice,Care, and Questionable Dichotomies

Throughout the development of an “ethic of care” different from an “ethic of justice,” the relationship between the two has been problematic. Are they theories between which one must choose? Are they complementary? Are they domain-specific? In support of my view that neither is adequate by itself, I here examine the private domain of care of the dying by intimates, and find there important issues both of care and of justice.     

Immediate and long-term retention of connected concrete discourse as a function of mnemonic picture-type sequence and context

Abstract.— Two stories each containing 30 sentences of connected, concrete discourse were presented with or without an illustrating picture preceding each sentence, and with or without within-story context. Immediate paced recall with pictures or empty frames was demanded. With the with-context material, paced recall and free recall was also studied after the lapse of one year. Storey 1 was made according to the en-route mnemonic scheme and story 2 according to the within-a-building scheme. On immediate recall pictures as well as context had a strong positive effect. There was no interaction between pictures and context., which may be interpreted to mean that these factors may be intrapsychically identical. Recall after one year was generally poor, but indicated that the en-route mnemonic scheme may be more effective in long-term memory. Very little reconstruction from the pictures seems to have taken place.     

Family participation in the treatment of alcoholism

The effect of family involvement on the efficacy of alcoholic treatment was investigated. Degree of family involvement, as measured by the participation of the wives of 60 alcoholics in a hospital family lecture series, was compared to recidivism rates and to completion of the in-patient treatment program. The wives' participation was closely related to whether or not their husbands completed in-patient treatment. Participation also appeared to be related to recidivism although additional services in the area of counseling for discharged alcoholic patients and their families are obviously needed.     

Ethnicity of Dating Partner,Pressure for Thinness,and Body Dissatisfaction

Two studies explored the relation between ethnicity, attitudes toward body weight, dating behavior, and female body satisfaction. Study 1 found that White men expressed a lighter female ideal weight, more resentment about their girlfriend's weight, and more pressure for their partner's thinness than did Black men. Study 2 found that regardless of their own ethnicity, women who dated White men had lower body mass index (BMI), lower ideal weights, and reported experiencing lower levels of body acceptance by their dating partners. This lack of acceptance was associated with lower levels of body satisfaction. These results support the view that the differing aesthetic preferences of Black and White men contribute to differing levels of body satisfaction among Black and White women.