全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15466篇 |
免费 | 351篇 |
国内免费 | 199篇 |
出版年
2015年 | 38篇 |
2012年 | 1340篇 |
2011年 | 1572篇 |
2010年 | 374篇 |
2009年 | 177篇 |
2008年 | 1282篇 |
2007年 | 1290篇 |
2006年 | 1129篇 |
2005年 | 1009篇 |
2004年 | 859篇 |
2003年 | 854篇 |
2002年 | 757篇 |
2001年 | 494篇 |
2000年 | 709篇 |
1999年 | 282篇 |
1998年 | 100篇 |
1997年 | 74篇 |
1996年 | 83篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 87篇 |
1993年 | 124篇 |
1992年 | 101篇 |
1991年 | 113篇 |
1990年 | 100篇 |
1989年 | 103篇 |
1988年 | 119篇 |
1987年 | 130篇 |
1986年 | 93篇 |
1985年 | 122篇 |
1984年 | 128篇 |
1983年 | 144篇 |
1982年 | 99篇 |
1981年 | 97篇 |
1980年 | 88篇 |
1979年 | 95篇 |
1978年 | 86篇 |
1966年 | 48篇 |
1965年 | 134篇 |
1964年 | 105篇 |
1963年 | 127篇 |
1962年 | 54篇 |
1958年 | 177篇 |
1957年 | 133篇 |
1956年 | 107篇 |
1955年 | 82篇 |
1954年 | 61篇 |
1953年 | 72篇 |
1952年 | 55篇 |
1951年 | 58篇 |
1950年 | 53篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
901.
This research examined whether stereotype vulnerability-the tendency to expect, perceive, and be influenced by negative stereotypes about one's social category-is associated with uncertainty about one's academic self-knowledge in two important ways. We predicted that stereotype-vulnerable African American students would (a) know less about how much they know than less vulnerable students do and (b) have unstable academic efficacy. In Study 1, Black and White participants took a verbal test and indicated the probability that each of their answers was correct. As expected, stereotype-vulnerable Black participants were more miscalibrated than other participants. In Study 2, participants completed measures of self-efficacy twice daily for 8 days. Also as expected, the academic efficacy of stereotype-vulnerable Blacks fluctuated more-and more extremely-than that of other participants. The results suggest that, in addition to undermining intellectual performance, stigma interferes with academic self-knowledge. 相似文献
902.
Coulehan J 《The Journal of medical humanities》2004,25(3):223-233
903.
Rendell J 《The Journal of medical humanities》2004,25(1):33-45
Testimony to Muzil: Hervé Guibert, Michel Foucault, and the Medical Gaze examines the fictional/autobiographical AIDS writings of the French writer Hervé Guibert. Locating Guibert's writings alongside the work of his friend Michel Foucault, the article explores how they echo Foucault's evolving notions of the medical gaze. The article also explores how Guilbert's narrators and Guibert himself (as writer) resist and challenge the medical gaze; a gaze which particularly in the era of AIDS has subjected, objectified, and even sometimes punished the body of the gay man. It is argued that these resistances to the gaze offer a literary extension to Foucault's later work on power and resistance strategies. 相似文献
904.
905.
Genetic Cancer Risk Assessment and Counseling: Recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Trepanier A Ahrens M McKinnon W Peters J Stopfer J Grumet SC Manley S Culver JO Acton R Larsen-Haidle J Correia LA Bennett R Pettersen B Ferlita TD Costalas JW Hunt K Donlon S Skrzynia C Farrell C Callif-Daley F Vockley CW;National Society of Genetic Counselors 《Journal of genetic counseling》2004,13(2):83-114
These cancer genetic counseling recommendations describe the medical, psychosocial, and ethical ramifications of identifying at-risk individuals through cancer risk assessment with or without genetic testing. They were developed by members of the Practice Issues Subcommittee of the National Society of Genetic Counselors Cancer Genetic Counseling Special Interest Group. The information contained in this document is derived from extensive review of the current literature on cancer genetic risk assessment and counseling as well as the personal expertise of genetic counselors specializing in cancer genetics. The recommendations are intended to provide information about the process of genetic counseling and risk assessment for hereditary cancer disorders rather than specific information about individual syndromes. Key components include the intake (medical and family histories), psychosocial assessment (assessment of risk perception), cancer risk assessment (determination and communication of risk), molecular testing for hereditary cancer syndromes (regulations, informed consent, and counseling process), and follow-up considerations. These recommendations should not be construed as dictating an exclusive course of management, nor does use of such recommendations guarantee a particular outcome. These recommendations do not displace a health care provider's professional judgment based on the clinical circumstances of a client. 相似文献
906.
In the present experiments, we examined whether shifts of attention selectively interfere with the maintenance of both verbal
and spatial information in working memory and whether the interference produced by eye movements is due to the attention shifts
that accompany them. In Experiment 1, subjects performed either a spatial or a verbal working memory task, along with a secondary
task requiring fixation or a secondary task requiring shifts of attention. The results indicated that attention shifts interfered
with spatial, butnot with verbal, working memory, suggesting that the interference is specific to processes within the visuospatial sketchpad.
In Experiment 2, subjects performed a primary spatial working memory task, along with a secondary task requiring fixation,
an eye movement, or an attention shift executed in the absence of an eye movement. The results indicated that both eye movements
and attention shifts interfered with spatial working memory. Eye movements interfered to a much greater extent than shifts
of attention, however, suggesting that eye movements may contribute a unique source of interference, over and above the interference
produced by the attention shifts that accompany them. 相似文献
907.
How rapidly can attention move from one object to the next? Previous studies in which the dwell time paradigm was used have estimated attentional switch times of 200–500 msec, results incompatible with the search rate estimates of 25–50 msec shown in numerous visual search studies. It has been argued that dwell times are so long in the dwell time paradigm because the attentional shifts measured are unlike those used in visual search. In the present experiment, a variation of a visual search task was used, in which serial endogenous (volitional) deployments of attention were measured directly by means of a probe reaction time task. The experiment revealed a dwell time of about 250 msec, consistent with the faster estimates from other dwell time studies. This result suggests that endogenous shifts of attention may be relatively slow and that the faster attentional shifts estimated from visual search tasks may be due to the involvement of bottom-up processes. 相似文献
908.
A number of lines of study suggest that word meanings are not always fully exploited in comprehension. In two experiments,
we used a text-change paradigm to study depth of semantic processing during reading. Participants were instructed to detect
words that changed across two consecutive presentations of short texts. The results suggest that the full details of word
meanings are not always incorporated into the interpretation and that the degree of semantic detail in the representation
is a function of linguistic focus. The results provide evidence for the idea that representations are only good enough for
the purpose at hand (Ferreira, Bailey, & Ferraro, 2002). 相似文献
909.
Changing features do not guide attention in change detection: Evidence from a spatial cuing paradigm
Smilek, Eastwood, and Merikle (2000) demonstrated that the detection of change was facilitated when the target character changed
in many rather than few of its features. Specifically, the function relating search response time to display set size was
shallower when more features changed than when fewer features changed. The researchers interpreted these results as indicating
that large feature changes provide preattentive guidance of focal attention to the location of the change. We tested this
preattentive guidance hypothesis by examining change detection performance in the context of a spatial cuing paradigm. The
hypothesis predicts that (1) the cost on invalidly cued trials should be less when more features change than when fewer features
change, and (2) the features manipulation should have no effect on validly cued trials. In contrast to these predictions,
our results show that cuing effects are equivalent across all levels of feature change and that a robust effect of the features
manipulation is observable for both validly and invalidly cued trials. We argue that large feature changes do not provide
preattentive guidance and in fact can be detected more readilyafter attention is already in place at the target location. 相似文献
910.
Studies of human classification learning using functional neuroimaging have suggested that basal ganglia and medial temporal lobe memory systems may interact during learning. We review these results and outline a set of possible mechanisms for such interactions. Effective connectivity analyses suggest that interaction between basal ganglia and medial temporal lobe are mediated by prefrontal cortex rather than by direct connectivity between regions. A review of possible neurobiological mechanisms suggests that interactions may be driven by neuromodulatory systems in addition to mediation by interaction of inputs to prefrontal cortical neurons. These results suggest that memory system interactions may reflect multiple mechanisms that combine to optimize behavior based on experience. 相似文献