中国情境下的关系自我和群体自我区分研究

通过两个研究探索中国情境下关系自我和群体自我的区分。研究一通过问卷调查发现在外显层面被试的关系自我和群体自我是独立的结构;女性被试的关系自我水平要高于群体自我。研究二通过单靶内隐联想测验(Single Target Implicit Association Test,ST-IAT)发现在内隐层面,相对于群体自我,中国情境下的被试具更倾向从人际关系角度定义自我。同时,研究二也发现外显关系自我和内隐关系自我二者是独立的结构;外显群体自我和内隐群体自我二者是独立的结构。最后,文章讨论了研究对自我建构领域的贡献。     

Perceptual Categorization: Connectionist Modelling and Decision Rules

Although it is currently popular to model human associative learning using connectionist networks, the mechanism by which their output activations are converted to probabilities of response has received relatively little attention. Several possible models of this decision process are considered here, including a simple ratio rule, a simple difference rule, their exponential versions, and a winner-take-all network. Two categorization experiments that attempt to dissociate these models are reported. Analogues of the experiments were presented to a single-layer, feed-forward, delta-rule network. Only the exponential ratio rule and the winner-take-all architecture, acting on the networks' output activations that corresponded to responses available on test, were capable of fully predicting the mean response results. In addition, unlike the exponential ratio rule, the winner-take-all model has the potential to predict latencies. Further studies will be required to determine whether latencies produced under more stringent conditions conform to the model's predictions.     

A BLACK FEMINIST MODEL OF RAPE MYTH ACCEPTANCE

A Black feminist model was used to investigate rape myth acceptance between African American antirape activists and a comparison group of nonactivists using Cross's (1991) racial identity model and Downing and Roush's (1985) feminist identity model. As predicted, activists rejected rape myths more than nonactivists; the earlier stages of both models were associated with rape myth acceptance; the later stages were associated with rape myth rejection; and activists evidenced more sociopolitical maturity (race and gender consciousness) than nonactivists. The findings suggest that researchers may need to investigate to what degree rape myth acceptance serves an overarching system of social domination where racism and sexism overlap.