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241.
Ivan Marquez 《World Futures: Journal of General Evolution》2013,69(4):307-316
This article investigates three things: (1) what development might be, (2) how development and ethics might be related, and (3) what an ethics of development might look like. First, I show how if we move away from an essentialist metaphysics of being to a possibilist-functionalist metaphysics of becoming in our understanding of development, we can reconceptualize ethics as self-directed ontogeny. Thus, ethics turns out to be a part of development. Secondly, I sketch out the possibility of an ethics of development, showing how it should be based on three desiderata: (1) sustainability, promoting the long-term existence of the maximum human and non-human biodiversity, (2) democracy, promoting human-human relationships that are bidirectional and, to the extent possible, non-imposing, and (3) non-ethnocentrism, promoting true modernity; a modernity not predicated on a non-existent abstract universality but on concrete syncretism. The ultimate aim of this ethics of development is the optimization of individual and collective subjectivity and agency across time. 相似文献
242.
Perfectionism, cognitive bias, and hopelessness as prospective predictors of suicidal ideation 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Perfectionism, negative cognitive bias, and hopelessness were assessed among people hospitalized for depression (N = 121). Hopelessness and suicidal ideation were assessed 6 months after discharge. Path analyses indicated that higher perfectionism as an inpatient was directly associated with higher suicidal ideation 6 months later. Cognitive bias, in contrast, led to greater hopelessness 6 months later, which in turn led to higher concurrent suicidal ideation. Alternative models examined whether hopelessness partially or fully mediated the effect of perfectionism, whether hopelessness partially mediated the effect of cognitive bias, and whether inpatient depression and suicidal ideation severity explained the observed relationships. These alternative models were not supported. Perfectionism and negative cognitive bias both uniquely contributed to the prospective prediction of suicidal ideation. 相似文献
243.
De Fruyt F Bartels M Van Leeuwen KG De Clercq B Decuyper M Mervielde I 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2006,91(3):538-552
This study examines 5 types of personality continuity--structural, mean-level, individual-level, differential, and ipsative--in a representative population (N=498) and a twin and sibling sample (N=548) of children and adolescents. Parents described their children on 2 successive occasions with a 36-month interval using the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (I. Mervielde & F. De Fruyt, 1999). There was evidence for structural continuity in the 2 samples, and personality was shown to be largely differentially stable. A large percentage had a stable trait profile indicative of ipsative stability, and mean-level personality changes were generally small in magnitude. Continuity findings were explained mainly by genetic and nonshared environmental factors. 相似文献
244.
245.
Male Wistar rats were exposed to one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance training using a 0.5 mA footshock. Through bilaterally implanted indwelling cannulae, they received bilateral 0.5 microL infusions of saline, mecamylamine (1.0 or 10.0 microg/side), or nicotine (0.6 or 3.0 microg/side) into the basolateral complex of the amygdaloid nucleus (BLA). Infusions were either 10 min before training (Experiment 1) or 4 min after training (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, the animals were tested three times: first for working memory (WM) 5 s after training, then for short-term memory (STM) 90 min later, and finally for long-term memory (LTM) 24 h later. Mecamylamine depressed and nicotine enhanced WM, STM, and LTM. In Experiment 2, the treatments were given after WM was presumably over. Again, mecamylamine inhibited and nicotine enhanced STM and LTM. The results indicate that nAChRs in BLA participate in the regulation of WM formation and STM and LTM acquisition and consolidation. 相似文献
246.
Perceived supervisor support: contributions to perceived organizational support and employee retention 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Eisenberger R Stinglhamber F Vandenberghe C Sucharski IL Rhoades L 《The Journal of applied psychology》2002,87(3):565-573
Three studies investigated the relationships among employees' perception of supervisor support (PSS), perceived organizational support (POS), and employee turnover. Study 1 found, with 314 employees drawn from a variety of organizations, that PSS was positively related to temporal change in POS, suggesting that PSS leads to POS. Study 2 established, with 300 retail sales employees, that the PSS-POS relationship increased with perceived supervisor status in the organization. Study 3 found, with 493 retail sales employees, evidence consistent with the view that POS completely mediated a negative relationship between PSS and employee turnover. These studies suggest that supervisors, to the extent that they are identified with the organization, contribute to POS and, ultimately, to job retention. 相似文献
247.
According to optimal distinctiveness theory, minority political parties and parties of intermediate size provide more central and important bases of social identity. The authors tested that prediction in a sample of voters and a sample of political party members. In both samples, adherents of minority and intermediate parties did not perceive their parties to be more representative of them. The authors found no significant differences between political parties on the collective self-esteem questionnaire administered to the sample of political party members. 相似文献
248.
Personality trait development from age 12 to age 18: longitudinal,cross-sectional,and cross-cultural analyses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
McCrae RR Costa PT Terracciano A Parker WD Mills CJ De Fruyt F Mervielde I 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2002,83(6):1456-1468
Three studies were conducted to assess mean level changes in personality traits during adolescence. Versions of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (P. T. Costa, Jr., & R. R. McCrae, 1992a) were used to assess the 5 major personality factors. A 4-year longitudinal study of intellectually gifted students (N = 230) was supplemented by cross-sectional studies of nonselected American (N = 1,959) and Flemish (N = 789) adolescents. Personality factors were reasonably invariant across ages, although rank-order stability of individual differences was low. Neuroticism appeared to increase in girls, and Openness to Experience increased in both boys and girls; mean levels of Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness were stable. Results extend knowledge of the developmental curve of personality traits backward from adulthood and help bridge the gap with child temperament studies. 相似文献
249.
Ivan Welty 《逻辑史和逻辑哲学》2013,34(3):283-290
Frege's account of indirect proof has been thought to be problematic. This thought seems to rest on the supposition that some notion of logical consequence – which Frege did not have – is indispensable for a satisfactory account of indirect proof. It is not so. Frege's account is no less workable than the account predominant today. Indeed, Frege's account may be best understood as a restatement of the latter, although from a higher order point of view. I argue that this ascent is motivated by Frege's conception of logic. 相似文献
250.
Michael Carrithers, The forest monks of Sri Lanka: an anthropological and historical study, Delhi, Oxford University Press, 1983, pp. xii + 306. Rs 145 Philippe Besnard (editor), The sociological domain: The durkheimians and the founding of French sociology, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1983, pp. xii + 296. $44.50 相似文献