Parenting in moderation: family routine moderates the relation between school disengagement and delinquent behaviors among African American adolescents

To address gaps in the literature regarding the role of family routine on school disengagement and delinquent behaviors, we tested whether family routine moderated relations between school disengagement and delinquent behaviors in an urban, low socioeconomic status (SES), African American sample of adolescents (N = 204, 48% male). Adolescents reported on school disengagement and delinquent behaviors. Family routine was assessed with mother report. Hierarchical regression analyses examined the independent and interactive effects of school disengagement and family routine on delinquent behaviors. After controlling for adolescent and mother age, marital status, and employment, school disengagement was independently associated with delinquent behaviors. Family routine was found to moderate school disengagement. Specifically, among adolescents exhibiting higher levels of school disengagement, lower levels of family routine were associated with higher levels of delinquent behaviors; however, higher levels of family routine were not associated with lower levels of delinquent behaviors. Findings suggest that lower levels of routine may be a particularly salient risk factor of delinquent behaviors among African American adolescents experiencing higher levels of school disengagement in low SES, urban communities.     

语言理解中情绪的动态模拟

采用混合实验设计, 句子-图片匹配范式和动态过程再现范式, 以包含静态情绪和动态变化情绪信息的句子为实验材料, 以被试对图片的反应时间为因变量指标, 通过不同时间间隔的设置以及不同的实验程序, 探讨了语言理解中静态情绪和动态情绪的心理模拟及其时间进程。结果表明：(1)被试对情绪的心理模拟与句中的语言描述一致, 情绪语境能够激活被试的经验模拟。(2)被试在句子理解加工的初期就能迅速、即时地模拟静态情绪信息, 且这种模拟具有一定的稳定性和持久性。(3)被试可以对动态变化的情绪进行动态的心理模拟, 不过这种模拟所需的时间要长, 是在句子理解加工的后期完成的。被试对不同情绪变化方向的句子模拟受到原情绪状态的影响, 当阅读由消极情绪向积极情绪变化的句子时, 由于被试固着于原来的消极情绪而发生了模拟积极情绪的困难。     

从概念界定角度看控制感研究中的问题

在目前关于“控制感”的研究中,概念界定一直是困扰许多研究者的问题。研究从控制源、自我效能感两个概念出发,阐述控制感概念与两者之间存在区别,包含更多的内容,提出控制感概念界定可以从方向和强度上予以考虑,并将控制感定义为：个体相信自己能够影响事件地进行而获得所期望结果的程度,而且这种影响是由个体自己而非外界的因素来决定的。概念的清晰界定对于今后控制感的测量和理论发展有着较大的益处。     

Visual pattern memory requires foraging function in the central complex of Drosophila

The role of the foraging (for) gene, which encodes a cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (PKG), in food-search behavior in Drosophila has been intensively studied. However, its functions in other complex behaviors have not been well-characterized. Here, we show experimentally in Drosophila that the for gene is required in the operant visual learning paradigm. Visual pattern memory was normal in a natural variant rover (for(R)) but was impaired in another natural variant sitter (for(S)), which has a lower PKG level. Memory defects in for(S) flies could be rescued by either constitutive or adult-limited expression of for in the fan-shaped body. Interestingly, we showed that such rescue also occurred when for was expressed in the ellipsoid body. Additionally, expression of for in the fifth layer of the fan-shaped body restored sufficient memory for the pattern parameter "elevation" but not for "contour orientation," whereas expression of for in the ellipsoid body restored sufficient memory for both parameters. Our study defines a Drosophila model for further understanding the role of cGMP-PKG signaling in associative learning/memory and the neural circuit underlying this for-dependent visual pattern memory.     

员工工作压力感问卷的初步编制

通过访谈和文献阅读,编制中国员工工作压力感问卷,为企业提供简便的了解员工压力的工具。在两家企业中的293名员工中进行问卷调查,同时要求被试完成工作压力调查问卷、职业紧张量表和自我效能测验。结果表明,有16个项目符合测量学要求;问卷的内部一致性信度α系数为0.8260;问卷有较好的效标关联效度,员工工作压力感得分与工作压力调查问卷和职业紧张量表得分呈显著正相关,与自我效能分数呈显著负相关;探索性因素分析显示问卷包含三个主要因子。     

策略型学习者认知心理结构及其运行机制

高效率学习是现代社会发展的需要,也是适应信息量急增的社会变革需要的必然选择。从教育心理学的视角研究策略型学习者,对其高效率学习心理,特别是高效率学习认知心理结构及其运行机制进行研究,有助于教育理论与实践工作者准确把握这类特殊教育对象的心理特点与规律,为开展策略型学习者教育提供了心理学依据。     

大学新生交流恐惧与自我概念的关系

对555名大学新生进行研究,探讨了大学新生的交流恐惧与自我概念的关系。结果表明:1大学新生的交流恐惧在性别上有显著差异;2自我概念与交流恐惧存在较高的负相关;3个人自我、身体自我、现实自我对大学新生交流恐惧具有显著预测作用。     

供应链伙伴间的信任、承诺对合作绩效的影响

本文通过问卷调查的方式探讨供应链伙伴间的信任、关系承诺对合作绩效的影响。研究结果显示组织信任、个人信任与合作绩效存在正相关关系,组织信任通过关系承诺对合作绩效的间接影响明显高于其直接影响,个人信任通过关系承诺对合作绩效的间接影响明显不及其直接影响。     

Moral Injury,Chaplaincy and Mental Health Provider Approaches to Treatment: A Scoping Review

Journal of Religion and Health - The aim of this research was to describe the evidence examining the approaches taken by mental health providers (MHPs) and chaplains to address symptoms related to...     

“维特根斯坦哲学与当代哲学研究”学术研讨会会议综述

2008年12月20～21日,由中国人民大学外国哲学研究所主办的“维特根斯坦哲学与当代哲学研究”学术研讨会在北京召开。参加本次会议的有陈嘉映教授、韩林合教授、江怡研究员、李河研究员、张志伟教授等20几位专家学者。本次会议共收到正式论文13篇、组织了6场报告。