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111.
Kernberg Otto Cohen Daniel Chiarandini Irene Cairo Winarick Kenneth Price Michelle Stern Donnel B. Rubin Jeffrey Ingram Douglas H. 《American journal of psychoanalysis》1997,57(4):381-387
The American Journal of Psychoanalysis - 相似文献
112.
Irene Hanson Frieze 《Journal of research in personality》1976,10(3):293-305
Previous studies of attributions for success and failure have relied upon a theoretically derived set of causal attributions, either luck versus skill (derived from Rotter, 1966) or ability, effort, luck, and task difficulty (Weiner et al., 1971; Weiner, 1972). The same tendency of relying upon a set of logically derived cues has been evident in investigations of information-processing in making attributional judgments for success and failure (e.g., Fontaine, 1972; Frieze & Weiner, 1971). Two studies were conducted which employed an open-ended format to determine the relevance of the causal categories and information which have been utilized in previous studies. Results of these studies supported the validity of previously employed causal categories and information cues as well as establishing other important but previously ignored causes and sources of information. 相似文献
113.
114.
Irene M.W. Niks Josette M.P. Gevers Jan De Jonge Irene L.D. Houtman 《European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology》2016,25(2):226-238
It is well-known that recovery from work and job resources can counteract negative effects of high job demands, but less is known about how off-job recovery and job resources are related to each other. In this two-level daily diary study, 67 employees filled out daily surveys over the course of 8 days to examine this issue. Consistent with our expectations, multilevel analyses revealed that previous day’s detachment from work is positively related to the state of being recovered before going to work, and that the state of being recovered is positively related to one’s level of job resources. Moreover, the results indicated that both person-level differences and day-level dynamics play a role in these relations. Our study highlights the importance of recovering from work in the sense that it does not only help individuals by repairing negative strain effects but can also function as a catalyst in the activation of job resources. 相似文献
115.
This study assessed college men's ( n = 85) and women's ( n = 215) courtship persistence behaviors (approach, surveillance, intimidation, mild aggression), which have been linked to stalking, and examined their relations to initial courtship interest, relationship development, and future violence and persistence, while also exploring the role of gender in these relations. Findings showed individuals performed surveillance when initially more interested than the other. Whereas approach behaviors were positively associated with relationship establishment, surveillance and intimidation were negatively associated. As predicted, results showed continuity in persistence and violence over the course of dating relationships. For both genders, courtship mild aggression predicted relationship violence, and persistence behaviors predicted similar persistence at breakup. Early behaviors may foreshadow violence and stalking-related behaviors in both men and women. 相似文献
116.
Alder J Urech C Fink N Bitzer J Hoesli I 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2011,18(1):13-21
Relaxation exercises have become a standard intervention for individuals with anxiety disorders but little is known about their potential for anxiety relief during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine psychoendocrine (i) baseline differences and (ii) changes after a standardized relaxation period in pregnant women with high versus low levels of anxiety. Thirty-nine third-trimester high and low anxious pregnant women performed active or passive relaxation while levels of anxiety, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) system activity were assessed before and after the relaxation period. In women with high levels of trait anxiety, state anxiety (F(1,36)?=?8.3, p?=?.007) and negative affect (F(1,36)?=?7.99, p?=?.008) as well as ACTH (F(1,35)?=?9.24, p?=?.002) remained elevated over the entire course of the experimental procedure, the last indicating increased HPA axis activity. In addition, norepinephrine showed a constricted decrease of relaxation reflecting lower response of the SAM-system (F(1,37)?=?4.41, p?=?.043). Although relaxation exercises have become a standard intervention for individuals with anxiety, pregnant women with high levels of trait anxiety benefited less than women with low levels from a single standardized relaxation period. 相似文献
117.
Krystine Irene Batcho Andrea M. Nave Meghan L. DaRin 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2011,12(4):531-545
The present study introduces a balanced survey of a range of behavioral and emotional experiences to assess impressions of
a person’s childhood. Ninety-one undergraduates and 70 of their parents rated exposure to positive and negative social and
solitary experiences. The survey demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and 4-week test–retest reliability, and scores
correlated with Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory of temporally based beliefs and values, Batcho’s inventory of personal
nostalgia, and Holbrook’s measure of historical nostalgia. Correlations with time perspective and nostalgia inventories suggest
that favorable impressions of childhood are associated with benefits such as social connectedness, personal continuity, and
health-promoting behaviors and adverse impressions with less adaptive impacts such as unsatisfactory relationships, discontinuity,
and distress. Ratings of social experiences were correlated more closely with childhood happiness than were solitary experiences.
The Childhood Survey shows promise as a tool to expand the exploration of childhood experiences beyond adverse events to encompass
components that comprise a happy childhood. 相似文献
118.
In the current study we examined the relationship between working memory capacity, inhibition/susceptibility to interference and fluid intelligence, measured by the Raven's Progressive Matrices (PM38), comparing groups of young (aged 18–35), young-old (aged 65–74), and old-old (aged 75–86) participants. Groups were administered two working memory tasks tapping into different mechanisms involved in working memory. The ability to control for irrelevant information was measured both considering memory errors (intrusion errors) in a working memory task and an index of susceptibility to interference obtained with a variant of the Brown-Peterson task. Regression analyses showed that the classical working memory measure was the most potent predictors of the Raven's score. Susceptibility to interference and intrusions errors contributed, but to a lower extent, to the Raven explained variance. These results confirm that working memory shares cognitive aspects with the fluid intelligence measure considered, whereas the role of inhibition to Raven scores is still in need of better evidence. 相似文献
119.
Alonso Alejandra Samanta Anumita van der Meij Jacqueline van den Brand Liz Negwer Moritz Navarro Lobato Irene Genzel Lisa 《Animal cognition》2023,26(4):1131-1140
Animal Cognition - Kleefstra syndrome in humans is characterized by a general delay in development, intellectual disability and autistic features. The mouse model of this disease (Ehmt1±)... 相似文献
120.
Young adult humans pressed a key to obtain money. When responding was punished by presentation of a stimulus signifying that money was lost, response frequencies decreased and response latencies increased. Since these changes did not increase relative earnings, the aversive properties of loss of reinforcement were manifested independently or reinforcement gain. When loss punishment was delayed for either 10, 20, or 40 sec the extent of suppression was found to vary inversely with the response-punishment interval. Subsequent manipulations indicated that the effectiveness of delayed punishment was increased when the response also produced immediate conditioned punishment, i.e., a stimulus paired with the delayed loss stimulus. Instructions about the response-punishment contingency had similar effects. The findings were consistent with animal studies of delayed shock punishment, insofar as a similar delay-of-punishment gradient was observed, and with studies of delayed positive reinforcement, insofar as mediation through conditioned punishment (or instructions) increased the effectiveness of delayed punishment. 相似文献