Die systemische Beratung interpersoneller Konflikte in Familienunternehmen

The unique relationship of two social systems – the family and the enterprise – is the outstanding feature of family enterprises. It has advantages, but at the same time holds some risks. Problems of family enterprises which call for counselling have been often described in the literature, but hardly any tailor-made concepts for specific counselling. After reviewing the literature about counselling for family enterprises and about their specific organisation a counselling concept adapted to their special situation is presented. We describe a systemic counselling method operating resource- and solution-oriented and offering access to various levels with regard to the individual, the family system and the organisation. A case report explains how to proceed.     

Learned associability and associative change in human causal learning.

The Mackintosh (1975) model of associative learning specifies that processing of both the cues presented on a trial and the outcome of that trial will interact to determine the amount of associative change undergone by a given cue. Experiments looking at the distribution of associative change among the elements of a reinforced compound in animal conditioning studies indicate that processing of the outcome of a trial does indeed influence associative change. The work reported here investigates the distribution of associative change among the elements of a reinforced compound in a human causal judgement paradigm, and it indicates that processing of the cues presented on a trial also plays a role in determining associative change (in terms of changes in the associability of cues as a result of experience). Taken in combination, these results provide good support for Mackintosh (1975) and the characterizations of both cue and outcome processing that it offers.