Effects of Word Semantic Transparency,Context Length,and L1 Background on CSL Learners’ Incidental Learning of Word Meanings in Passage-Level Reading

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research - This study investigated the effects of semantic transparency of Chinese disyllabic compound words on Chinese as a second language (CSL) learners’...     

工作记忆对动态范式中基于客体的返回抑制的影响

采用双任务干扰范式探讨了工作记忆对动态范式中基于客体的返回抑制的影响。三个实验分别考察了在言语、空间和视觉工作记忆负载条件下基于客体的返回抑制效应,结果发现只有在空间工作记忆负载条件下,动态范式中的返回抑制才受到损害。这表明空间工作记忆不但在静态范式中的IOR信息的维持和更新中起着重要的作用,在动态范式中的IOR信息的维持和更新中同样起着重要的作用。同时也为动态范式中基于客体的返回抑制的空间抑制动态更新说提供了新的证据     

Families, economies, cultures, and science achievement in 41 countries: country-, school-, and student-level analyses.

This study examines the links between students' families and science achievement across many countries. Science tests and questionnaire responses of 107,834 fifteen-year-olds in 41 countries were analyzed with multilevel analyses. Students had higher science scores if they were native born, lived with two parents, lived without grandparents, lived with fewer siblings (especially older ones), had more educational resources, had more family involvement, lived in wealthier countries, or lived in countries with more equal distributions of household income. In wealthier countries, family involvement, blended families, and number of siblings showed stronger links to science scores. Science achievement was more strongly linked to family socioeconomic status (SES) and educational resources in more egalitarian cultures and to single parents, family SES, resident grandparents, and birth order in more individualistic cultures. Hence, family constructs were linked to academic achievement in all 41 countries, and the links were stronger in more economically and culturally developed countries.     

论作为心灵哲学之先驱的笛卡尔心-身二元论

当代心灵哲学为什么停滞不前、究竟应当向何处去?本文认为,这种研究局面主要是由当今研究者仍然沿袭的笛卡尔心-身二元论的基本立场、研究模式和方法论视角决定的;而这种把心灵实体化并与身体完全割裂开来、彻底忽视社会因素及其作用的研究模式,根本不适合于探讨和研究心灵.因此,只有认真探讨并批判这种基本立场、研究模式和方法论视角,用充分重视社会生成的现实性、立体性、动态性研究视角扬弃这种具有抽象性、平面性、静态预成性的研究模式,心灵哲学研究才能走上健康发展的道路.     

司法论证充分性辨析

司法论证充分性问题是一个和法学理论与司法实践都密切相关的问题,各种关于法律论证的争议是和规则治理与纠纷解决两种司法职能的互相冲撞息息相关的。什么样的法律论证才是最合适的,在法律资源有限的情况下,如何运用有限的资源达到司法实践的目的,是各国法制建设的一个永恒话题。文章试图以我国的司法情景为例,从理性思考与现实实践两个层面,展示法官在裁决中所运用的具有地方性知识性质的辅助资源具有实践合理性,说明司法论证应该也必须追求其充分性。     

意识状态改变的心理生理学理论与实证研究

从“意识状态”解释人类意识的本质是当前意识心理学研究的一个重要取向。研究意识状态改变(ASC)的物质生理基础具有十分突出的理论和临床实践意义。意识状态改变可以分为自发、物理和生理原因、心理方式和疾病引起这样四个方面,不同类型的意识状态改变可以从激活、意识域、自我觉察和感觉振荡四个维度进行综合归类和分析。不仅脑结构功能状态、脑动力的暂时变化、神经化学过程和新陈代谢过程等因素影响着人的意识经验改变状态,而且环境变化、心理活动和自我控制及技巧也可以暂时改变人的意识功能状态。     

江右思想家王时槐考述

在阳明学的二传弟子中,王时槐是一个思想涵摄面广而又富有理论创新的思想家,而目前学术界对于塘南思想的研究还只是零星的,那种基于塘南本人学行与著述基础上的、全面而系统的加以考察的工作还未真正起步。对塘南学行实录的编撰可以展示其为学的心路历程,而对其著述较为全面的查考则更有助于材料的取舍与把握,此两者于当下学界对于塘南的思想研究极为必要。     

制造行业管理胜任力与绩效关系的实证研究

通过对571名制造型企业管理者的问卷调查,探索并验证了制造业管理胜任力结构维度,检验了不同背景因素对管理胜任力的影响。结果表明:制造业管理胜任力具有六维结构,包含22个指标,其信度和效度较好;不同管理层次的管理者在制造过程控制和市场营销策划维度上的评价有显著性差异,不同企业规模下的管理者在行业核心理念和产品系统管理维度上的评价有显著性差异;产品系统管理与市场营销策划能力对制造业管理者绩效有良好的预测力。同时发现,制造业管理胜任力不能较好地解释周边绩效的变异量。     

Alteration of cingulate long-term plasticity and behavioral sensitization to inflammation by environmental enrichment

Exposure to an enriched environment (EE) has been shown to induce cortical plasticity. Considerable amount of research is focused on the effects of EE in the hippocampus; however, effects of EE on other brain regions and the mechanisms involved are not well known. To investigate this, we induced cortical plasticity by placing mice in an EE for one month and measured the effects of EE in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Here, we show that EE enhanced the expression of the plasticity gene, egr-1, in the ACC of EE animals accompanied by enhanced cingulate long-term potentiation (LTP) and decreased cingulate long-term depression (LTD). The increased NMDA receptor NR2B/NR2A subunits current ratio is associated with the plasticity seen in the ACC while total protein levels remain unchanged. Furthermore, behavioral experiments show that these mice exposed to EE demonstrate enhanced responses to acute and long-term inflammation. Our findings suggest that exposure to EE alters physiological properties within the ACC which results in enhanced responses to inflammation.     

法则关系方法在研究中的应用及其问题思考

重要概念之间的理论关系或合理关系的连锁系统被称作是一个法则关系。法则关系包括原有模型、前因变量或结果变量。应用结构方程模型来检验法则关系中各组成部分之间的法则有效性,从而对原模型作进一步修正,该方法能够更加科学地揭示出多变量间的因果关系。文中还提到了应用法则关系方法时需要注意的问题,并指出未来的研究应当着重于进一步构建其理论框架、借助其来有效地开发和验证测量工具、以及探索该方法效度的影响因素等方向。