新中国现代化战略目标的提出及其发展演变

新中国成立60年来,围绕着如何把一个贫穷落后的农业国迅速改变为一个强大的社会主义现代化国家这个主题,先后提出了工业化、四个现代化和富强民主文明和谐等这样几个既相联系又有区别的奋斗目标,反映了中国共产党人对实现现代化不懈追求,也表明了我们党对什么是中国特色社会主义的认识越来越全面深入,越来越符合当代中国的具体实际。     

SEXUAL HARASSMENT

This study was designed to examine the impact of sexual harassment on Hong Kong Chinese women in the workplace and in college. Questionnaires assessing sexual harassment incidents experienced by self, perceived prevalence of sexual harassment in the organization, job or study satisfaction, and organizational commitment were completed by 77 female secretaries and 84 female college students in Hong Kong. Consistent with our hypotheses, personal experience of sexual harassment was found to be negatively associated with respondent satisfaction with their jobs or studies. However, these experiences were found to be unrelated to organizational commitment. In addition, most of the coping strategies adopted by the harassment victims tended to be nonassertive in nature. As one of the few systematic sexual harassment studies on Chinese working women and female students, we interpret our findings from an indigenous perspective and discuss both theoretical as well as applied implications for research in this area.     

19世纪美北长老会在粤传教活动述论

美北长老会是所有来华基督新教中一重要差会。近代以来,它在中国开展了一系列活动,产生了深刻的社会影响。本文运用中英文献档案,分别从传教、教育、医疗三个方面论述美北长老会19世纪在广东的传播与发展情况,以期更加深入地展开对教会史的研究。     

浅析全真道戒律的社会控制功能

全真道戒律是全真教对教徒言行、思想的规定,是教徒在修行过程中必须遵守的行为准则,其内容具有丰富的伦理思想。这样一种具有伦理内涵结构的全真道戒律所产生的社会控制功能,笔者认为主要有三方面:(1)对个体的双重约束;(2)对教团组织的维系功能;(3)对国家法规的弥补功能。     

面对公共危机,伦理学该如何思考和表达

面对公共危机,伦理学应着力于两个根本问题的思考。第一,这个危机是否因人的行动而成,这直接决定着责任归属问题。如果是可证明其因果关系的,行动者必是责任者;若不能证明其因果关系,也要延迟或事后确定和确证责任归属。第二,公共危机管理中的责任归属问题,在责任判断的类型上,可把相关行为分为出于责任、合乎责任和反乎责任的行为三种。由这样两个根本问题所决定,伦理学的表达方式就应该是理性的,对任何一种与道德责任有关的行为进行判断和推理时,必须给出正当性基础的论证,做到客观因果性和意义妥当性的统一。更为重要的是,在公共危机及危机管理中表现出来的道德人格与稳定状态下的道德人格会有很大不同,要保持道德人格的同一性,就必须有稳定的、经得起正当性基础证明的观念体系、制度结构和伦理环境。公共危机具有两面性,它会把人性中的"向善"和"趋恶"的倾向集中表达出来,这就为后危机状态下的"扬善抑恶"创造了条件。     

Early Cognitive Decline and Its Impact On Spouse’s Loneliness

Loneliness is common in dementia caregivers as cognitive impairment (CI) alters marital and social relationships. Unexplored is how an individual’s loneliness is affected at earlier, more ambiguous, periods of their spouse’s CI. Using the Health and Retirement Study, our study participants included 2,206 coupled individuals with normal cognitive function at the 2006/8 baseline. Loneliness outcomes at baseline, 4-year, and 8-year follow-up are assessed by the status of transition to cognitive impairment no dementia (TCIND) (2010/12 & 2014/16) using linear mixed models. Individual’s loneliness was stable when their spouse’s cognition remained normal, but increased with the spouse’s TCIND. The increase in loneliness did not vary by gender. Loneliness, a key risk factor for reduced life quality and increased depression, increases even at early stages of a partner’s CIND. This work suggests the potential impact of early intervention and social support for partners of individuals with CIND.