近代安多藏区寺院型城镇成因与特征初探

本文通过对近代安多藏区形成的宗教型城镇成因与特征进行了分析,认为寺院与近代北方的商业市场具有密切联系,是这一类型城镇形成的关键因素,这类城镇的特征是:寺院经济占主导地位、城镇的消费性和民族性。     

Low-frequency stimulation induces a pathway-specific late phase of LTP in the amygdala that is mediated by PKA and dependent on protein synthesis

Activity-dependent changes in synaptic efficacy are thought to be the key cellular mechanism for the formation and storage of both explicit and implicit memory. Different patterns of stimulation can elicit different changes in the efficiency on excitatory synaptic transmission. Here, we examined the synaptic changes in the amygdala of adult mice produced by low-frequency stimulation (1 Hz, 15 min, LFS). We first compared the synaptic changes induced by LFS in three different synaptic pathways of amygdala: cortical–lateral amygdala, thalamic–lateral amygdala, and lateral–basolateral amygdala pathways. We find that the plastic changes induced by LFS are different between synaptic pathways. Low-frequency stimulation selectively elicits a slow onset and protein synthesis-dependent late-phase LTP in the cortical–lateral amygdala pathway, but not in the thalamic–lateral or lateral–basolateral pathways. We next analyzed LTP induced by LFS in the cortical–lateral amygdala pathway and found that three PKA-coupling neurotransmitter receptors are involved: 5-HT4, Dopamine D1, and β-adrenergic receptors. Antagonists of these receptors block the LFS L-LTP, but the effects of agonists of these receptors are clearly different. These results indicate that the threshold for the induction of LFS L-LTP is different among these pathways and that the maintenance of LFS L-LTP requires a cross-talk among multiple neurotransmitters.     

Designing time-limited cyber promotions: effects of time limit and involvement.

This study found that a longer time limit in cyber promotions results in lower time pressure perceptions by consumers and a greater rate of consumers choosing higher-priced items. Furthermore, products with which consumers are more involved entail higher time pressure, lower consumer satisfaction, and a lower share of consumers using the promotion for that product.     

构建和谐社会呼唤中国化人格与社会心理学研究

构建和谐社会提出了许多亟待解决的人格与社会心理学问题,这就要求我们进行中国化研究。中国化心理学研究是指在研究中国人的心理和行为时不盲目套用其他国家（特别是西方）的现成概念、方法和理论,而是脚踏实地地考察我国人民的社会、文化、历史和其它相关背景,创造性地进行概念分析、方法设计和理论构建,从而得出符合客观实际的结论。     

中国文化中自信人格的内涵和功能

自信人格研究的旨趣是通过概念建构和实证研究,实现对自信心理状态与行为模式的刻画与理解。本文综述了最近国内人格心理学在语用、公众观层面对自信的关注,自信研究在人格心理学中的地位,自信在自我中的地位,并进一步归纳了自信人格的界定。文章还讨论了当前研究中所关注的自信的自我调控和心理健康功能。最后,针对当前自信人格结构研究和功能研究中的挑战,提出以自信结构探讨和机制整合来深入推进自信人格的研究     

Psychosocial mediation of religious coping styles: a study of short-term psychological distress following cardiac surgery

Although religiousness and religious coping styles are well-documented predictors of well-being, research on the mechanisms through which religious coping styles operate is sparse. This prospective study examined religious coping styles, hope, and social support as pathways of the influence of general religiousness (religious importance and involvement) on the reduced postoperative psychological distress of 309 cardiac patients. Results of structural equation modeling indicated that controlling for preoperative distress, gender, and education, religiousness contributed to positive religious coping, which in turn was associated with less distress via a path fully mediated by the secular factors of social support and hope. Furthermore, negative religious coping styles, although correlated at the bivariate level with preoperative distress but not with religiousness, were associated both directly and indirectly with greater post-operative distress via the same mediators.     

Exploring learners' self-efficacy, autonomy and motivation toward e-learning

A questionnaire survey was conducted with 116 college students (47 men, 69 women) in Central Taiwan to investigate predictive relationships among four attitudinal variables, perceived self-efficacy, learners' autonomy, intrinsic motivation, and extrinsic motivation toward e-learning. Analysis showed learners' autonomy was predictive of both intrinsic (57% independent variance explained) and extrinsic motivation (61% independent variance explained). Although perceived self-efficacy was not a predictor of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation, it correlated significantly with extrinsic motivation.     

沉思和分心对负情绪和自传体记忆的影响

探讨在诱发了抑郁、焦虑、悲伤等负性情绪后,沉思和分心对正常成人的情绪主观报告、生理变化和自传体记忆的作用。64名被试被随机分为两组,用故事和电影短片分别诱发了负性和中性（控制组）两种情绪状态。然后进行随机分组,分别进行分心和沉思的反应任务。测量四组被试的情绪主观报告、生理变化以及多种形式和性质的自传体记忆。结果表明：（1）沉思和分心对这些负情绪的调节作用不显著;（2）沉思引起更多的负性记忆,正性复合指数更小,自传体记忆的具体性更弱。结论：沉思导致更多负性记忆,维持了概括性记忆,更有可能加重已经激活的负情绪     

中国大学生网络成瘾倾向问卷的初步研究

网络成瘾是一种对互联网络的心理依赖,包括网络关系成瘾、网络娱乐成瘾、信息搜集成瘾三种类型。被试为中国重庆三所高校的大学生675人。对其中随机抽取的390份数据进行探索性因素分析,得出初步的因素结构为：网络关系成瘾倾向包括了问题、依附、认知偏差和失控四种倾向;网络娱乐成瘾倾向和信息搜集成瘾倾向包括问题、依附和失控倾向。得到较好的问卷内部一致性系数、分半信度、内容效度和结构效度。对余下285份数据进行验证性因素分析,得到较好的模型拟合指数。相关关系检验发现三类网络成瘾倾向与使用频率都有显著相关．与使用时间都无显著相关。T检验发现女生在网络关系成瘾倾向的依附倾向得分显著高于男生,男生在网络娱乐成瘾倾向和信息搜集成瘾倾向的问题倾向得分显著高于女生。