时间洞察力的概念及研究方法

对时间洞察力的概念和研究方法进行了总结、辨析和阐述,认为时间洞察力是一种相对稳定的个体差异变量,是个体在对时间的认知、体验和行动(或行动倾向)上所表现出的人格特质。并对时间洞察力的概念界定和方法学方面存在的问题进行了反思。     

语篇主题表征在大脑两半球的存贮

使用半视野速示技术和启动—再认探测方法,采用包含两个句子的短语篇作为前行信息、通过主题启动、歧义词启动探测语段阅读时主题表征在大脑两半球的存贮情况,结果发现,无论是主题启动还是歧义词启动,左视野／右半脑和右视野／左半脑对语境相关的目标词反应时间都比不一致目标词更长,说明语段阅读后两半脑对主题表征都有存贮。     

教师的创造力内隐理论

创造力内隐理论是指一般公众（专家和外行人）在日常生活和工作背景下所形成的,且以某种形式存在于个体头脑中的关于创造力概念、结构及其发展的看法。教师的创造力内隐理论对学生创造力的培养和发展起着至关重要的作用。本文从教师对创造力的理解、创造性学生的态度和创造力培养观三个方面对该领域的研究进行综述,以期为我国开展此领域的研究提供一些借鉴。     

Pooling data from multiple longitudinal studies: the role of item response theory in integrative data analysis

There are a number of significant challenges researchers encounter when studying development over an extended period of time, including subject attrition, the changing of measurement structures across groups and developmental periods, and the need to invest substantial time and money. Integrative data analysis is an emerging set of methodologies that allows researchers to overcome many of the challenges of single-sample designs through the pooling of data drawn from multiple existing developmental studies. This approach is characterized by a host of advantages, but this also introduces several new complexities that must be addressed prior to broad adoption by developmental researchers. In this article, the authors focus on methods for fitting measurement models and creating scale scores using data drawn from multiple longitudinal studies. The authors present findings from the analysis of repeated measures of internalizing symptomatology that were pooled from three existing developmental studies. The authors describe and demonstrate each step in the analysis and conclude with a discussion of potential limitations and directions for future research.     

Changes in suicide methods in Quebec between 1987 and 2000: the possible impact of bill C-17 requiring safe storage of firearms

This study presents the changes in the overall and firearm suicide rates for Québec (Canada) before and after Bill C-17, which was implemented to secure safe storage of firearms. It covers 20,009 suicide cases reported to the coroner's office. Interrupted time series analysis is used to compare suicide rates in the two periods. Firearm suicide rates have dropped among males and females, but the downward trends were not significant when compared to those prior to the law. Hanging suicide rates have risen considerably among men and women, but those upward trends did not increase significantly when compared with those preceding the law. The decline in suicide rates involving firearms has not resulted in a parallel decline in overall suicide rates. The analyses suggest that Bill C-17 neither improved the downward trend in firearm suicide, which had already begun before the enactment of the law, nor reduced the upward trend of the overall suicide rate. Correlation analyses between firearm suicide, hanging suicide, and the overall suicide rate suggest that firearm suicide is replaced by hanging suicide among males.     

民国年间苏州道教考

在1912年至1949年民国政府统治的这段时间里,社会动荡、战火连绵、资本主义商品经济和国际社会文化思潮的冲击等都给道教带来了巨大的打击.这一时期的道教,如卿希泰先生在<中国道教>中所描述的"是在苦难中支撑的道教".这一时期,在资本主义经济较发达的苏州,道教也面临着同样的苦难,道教事业受到了巨大的冲击.     

A brief exploration of the development of internet use for communication among undergraduate students.

This study examined the growth in e-mail, MSN, and chatroom uses longitudinally among 280 Taiwanese college students. Data were collected at five points in time over a two-and-half-year period. Little change in the mean level of e-mail use was observed, while MSN showed an inverse U-shaped development. The use of chatroom seemed to decrease slightly over time. Almost all autocorrelations for three mediums were statistically significant. As moderate to low correlations were found among e-mail, MSN, and chatroom uses, future research should explore which factors may affect the growth of these three mediums.     

神经质和外倾的负情绪减弱调节特点

神经质和外倾一致被认为是有典型情绪风格的人格特质,人格生物机制研究发现,这两种特质在神经递质、脑机制及遗传等方面都具有其特定的机制。可是,关于这两种特质在情绪调节过程的生理心理机制研究还比较少。这项研究试图寻找高神经质和高外倾人群在负情绪调节过程中,包括情绪主观报告、表情行为及生理反应等方面的变化特点。研究采用生理心理实验法比较了高神经质和高外倾被试在使用认知重评、表情抑制减弱由录像片段诱发的负情绪（厌恶）时所引起情绪成分的实际变化结果。28名高神经质和28名高外倾大学生被试参加了实验。结果表明：与高外倾组比较,高神经质组在情绪激活及调节之前阶段（指导语阶段）的FPV增幅较大,在情绪被激活及调节阶段（正片阶段）的R-R间期增幅较小,整个调节过程报告较多的负情绪（如痛苦）变化。研究从生理心理层面进一步地说明,与高外倾比较,高神经质确实更容易激活其负情绪,而且,更难以对其负情绪实施减弱调节     

时间隐喻研究述评

综述了近十多年来时间隐喻研究的现况,分析了时间隐喻表征的主要维度,结果表明大多数研究都认为时间隐喻的原型为空间-时间隐喻。从运动方式、方向和形状论述了空间－时间隐喻的构念特点,并讨论了空间-时间隐喻产生的心理机制以及关于空间、时间图式在隐喻映射中的相互关系的几种理论构想和实证研究。由于现有研究主要宏观地对时间隐喻进行了语义分析和跨文化研究,未来研究将更侧重于微观地研究时间隐喻的认知过程及其与人格间的相互影响     

Online interpretation of scalar quantifiers: insight into the semantics-pragmatics interface

Scalar implicature has served as a test case for exploring the relations between semantic and pragmatic processes during language comprehension. Most studies have used reaction time methods and the results have been variable. In these studies, we use the visual-world paradigm to investigate implicature. We recorded participants’ eye movements during commands like “Point to the girl that has some of the socks” in the presence of a display in which one girl had two of four socks and another had three of three soccer balls. These utterances contained an initial period of ambiguity in which the semantics of some was compatible with both characters. This ambiguity could be immediately resolved by a pragmatic implicature which would restrict some to a proper subset. Instead in Experiments 1 and 2, we found that participants were substantially delayed, suggesting a lag between semantic and pragmatic processing. In Experiment 3, we examined interpretations of some when competitors were inconsistent with the semantics (girl with socks vs. girl with no socks). We found quick resolution of the target, suggesting that previous delays were specifically linked to pragmatic analysis.