A correlation between sickness or injury within two weeks,chronic diseases and fatigue among adults aged 18–45 years

To investigate the prevalence of fatigue, the relationship between sickness or injury within two weeks, chronic diseases and fatigue among adults aged 18–45 years. Thousand five hundred and seventy nine individuals were included in this cross-sectional study. The Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS) was used to assess fatigue defined as CFS score ≥4. The prevalence of fatigue was 25% in this study. Our results showed that only sickness or injury within two weeks (odds ratio [OR]: 2.440) and chronic diseases (OR: 1.727) were significantly related to fatigue. Moreover, their ORs for fatigue remained the same in all models (binary logistic regression models with adjusting for demographic and health-related characteristics one by one). In conclusion, fatigue was prevalent among adults aged 18–45 years. Sickness or injury within two weeks and chronic diseases were the risk factors for fatigue independent of demographic and health-related characteristics.     

记叙文阅读中人物第一印象的即时更新

采用移动窗口技术探讨读者在记叙文阅读中是否对人物第一印象进行即时更新。实验1探讨读者在阅读过程中是否会根据第一印象建构人物特征情境模型。实验2探讨已经形成的人物特征情境模型是否会受最近印象的影响得以更新。实验3探讨在明确描述人物特征的情况下,读者是否仍然会更新人物特征情境模型。研究结果表明,记叙文阅读中,读者会对人物第一印象进行即时更新,表现出首因效应向近因效应的转化。     

Hostility in the real world and online: the effect of internet addiction, depression, and online activity

Hostility online has not been evaluated by an empirical investigation. This study aims to evaluate (a) the difference between hostility in the real world and that online and (b) whether the difference is associated with Internet addiction, depression, or online activities. A total of 2,348 college students (1,124 males and 1,224 females) were recruited and completed the Chen Internet Addiction Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies' Depression Scale, and the questionnaire for online activity. Further, the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory-Chinese version-short form was utilized to evaluate hostility in both real and virtual worlds. The results demonstrated that the levels of all four dimensions of hostility were lower when getting online than those in the real world. Subjects with Internet addiction had higher hostility both in the real world and online as do subjects with depression. Further, college students with Internet addiction had increased expressive hostility behavior and those with depression had decreased hostility cognition, hostility affection, and suppressive hostility behavior when getting online. Lastly, the buffering effect of the Internet on hostility was attenuated among subjects paying the most online time in chatting, and those using the Internet mainly for online gaming had higher expressive hostility behavior not only in the real world but also online. These results suggest that attention should be paid to interventions concerning aggressive behavior among subjects with Internet addiction or online gaming and chatting. On the other hand, depressed college students would be less hostile after entering the Internet. It is suggested that the Internet would be one possible interactive media to provide intervention for depression.     

大学生自我同一性发展特点研究

目的:调查并探讨大学生自我同一性状态发展特点。方法:从湖南某大学随机抽取320名大学生,采用王树青等人修订的EOM-EIS-II量表作为测量青少年自我同一性的工具。结果:(1)大学生自我同一性的性别、独生和非独生、城乡的差异比较结果显示,不同性别、独生非独生大学生在自我同一性的一些维度上存在显著差异,而来自城市和来自农村的大学生之间不存在差异;(2)不同年级大学生的同一性状态得分的方差分析结果显示,不同年级大学生在总体获得、总体延缓、总体早闭、意识早闭、人际早闭、人际延缓和人际获得7个维度上差异显著。结论:大学生自我同一性的发展存在一定的不平衡性。     

子宫内膜干细胞与子宫内膜异位症的治疗

子宫内膜异位症（EMs）是妇科最常见的疾病之一,引起痛经、月经不调、不孕等,严重危害妇女的身心健康,影响患者生活质量。其发病率逐年升高,发病机制不清,疗效差,一直是困扰妇科医生的难题之一。最近提出的子宫内膜干细胞（SC）学说认为EMs起源于SC,EMs病灶的维持和发展是子宫内膜SC不断更新和分化的结果。因此,治疗的关键应是针对子宫内膜SC,通过靶向子宫内膜SC及其异常调节的信号转导通路来治疗EMs。这对传统的治疗方式提出了巨大的挑战,也为有效的根治EMs开辟了新的思路。     

非文字内隐学习的优势效应

本研究以大学生为被试,运用计算机将人工语法范式程序化,分别以色块串和色词串为材料,研究颜色内隐和外显学习的特点;并增设时间变量（单元）以了解学习的详细进程。结果发现：1.学习材料上存在主效应,非言语材料（包块）较言语材料（色词）更适合于内隐加工。2.时间变量上也存在主效应,整体呈递增趋势;3.指导语上不存在主效应,即内隐学习在不同材料上的优势效应依然存在。实验结果极好地支持了非文字内隐学习优势效应的假设。     

政府与自然的和谐:节约型政府理念中的和谐社会

以新时期节约型政府理念的核心意蕴分析为视角,广义的和谐社会也就是一种政府与自然和谐的社会。其理论内涵的完整内容应既包括政府以及政府引导社会如何改造与利用自然以实现自身存在与发展的需要,也包括政府以及政府引导社会如何改造和完善自身以满足遵循与顺应自然的需要。构建政府与自然和谐的节约路径主要在于树立强化政府的节约意识和建立健全政府的节约制度。     

企业中层管理者时间管理倾向量表的探索性因素分析

时间管理倾向是个体在运用时间方式上所表现出来的心理和行为特征,具有多维度多层次的心理结构。参照已有的研究文献和广泛的调查研究,编制出我国企业中层管理者时间管理倾向量表,通过对150名企业中层管理者的探索性因素分析,结果表明企业中层管理者时间管理倾向问卷由时间价值感(社会取向和个人取向的时间价值感)、时间监控能力(目标与控制、计划与安排、优先级、时间分配和反馈性)和时间效能感(时间管理效能和时间管理行为效能)三个维度构成。     

大学生成就目标定向与学习投入的关系:时间管理倾向的中介作用

采用成就目标定向量表、青少年时间管理倾向量表和学习投入量表,对721名大学生进行调查,探讨大学生时间管理倾向在成就目标定向与学习投入之间的中介作用,同时考察受到学籍警告学生、普通学生和获奖学金学生在这三者上的得分是否有差异。结果发现:(1)在成就目标定向上,普通组与获奖学金组学生存在显著差异,而在时间管理倾向与学习投入上则差异不显著,但两组学生在这三者上的得分皆要显著高于受学籍警告组学生;(2)大学生掌握目标定向、成绩趋近目标定向与时间管理倾向和学习投入皆呈显著正相关,而成绩回避目标定向与学习投入呈显著负相关,与时间管理倾向则相关不显著;(3)时间管理倾向在成就目标定向与学习投入之间起完全中介作用,表明大学生的成就目标定向通过时间管理倾向间接影响其学习投入。