近五年马克思主义宗教观及其中国化问题研究述评

随着马克思主义哲学与宗教学研究的深入开展和世界宗教问题的日益复杂化,马克思主义宗教观也成为我国哲学界和宗教学界关注的重要问题之一。近五年来,关于马克思主义宗教观及其中国化问题的研究主要包含以下几个方面的内容:1.马克思主义宗教观的产生是一个历史过程;2.马克思主义宗教观的主要内容及当代价值;3.马克思主义宗教观中国化的新成果;4.马克思主义宗教观的中国化在实践中所面临的时代难题。笔者对以上几个方面的问题进行了较为全面的梳理,并进行了简单评价,以期对学界的进一步研究有所帮助。     

简析休谟的自由观

休谟关于自由有三种表述:自发自由、中立自由和自由.其中,自发自由就是自由,两者都与强制对立,与必然一致,而中立自由则是必然的缺无.他采取相容论立场,认为一个行动既是有原因的,又是自由的,一方面通过批驳中立自由巩固心理决定论,另一方面通过反驳彻底决定论在宗教上的运用以巩固自由学说,最终让心理决定论和自由学说一起为责任奠基.然而,他所肯定的不受强制反而模糊了自由的含义,并且,他的调和策略由于避开了相容论的关键问题,因而也值得商榷.这一切都源于他的经验论立场.     

佛教禅定：心理学方法论研究的一种新视角

佛教禅定作为一种佛家认知宇宙实相及自我意识的研究方法与操作技术,为中国人文主义心理学研究提供了一种觉知自我意识的极有效方法。本文从心理学方法论角度出发,结合佛教禅定的内证实践,系统阐述了禅定过程中的研究对象（识蕴）、研究方法（止观）等诸方面的内容和特点。佛教禅定的心理学方法论研究是有别于其他文化形态方法论研究的一种独特证知方法,是对西方心理学方法论研究的一种补充与超越。     

Measurement invariance in mentoring research: A cross-cultural examination across Taiwan and the U.S.

Workplace mentoring in the international context is an emerging research area with significant potential for global integration. However, although measurement equivalence is a prerequisite for examining cross-cultural differences, this assumption has yet to be examined in mentoring research. This study contributes to the mentoring literature by assessing the measurement equivalence of the Mentoring Functions Questionnaire (MFQ-9) across two diverse cultural settings, the U.S. and Taiwan. Results of a series of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses supported full configural invariance, full metric invariance, and partial scalar invariance across the two groups. These findings suggest MFQ-9 may provide acceptable comparisons and meaningful interpretations across cultures. Implications for future international mentoring research and managerial practice are discussed.     

Evaluating Word in Phrase: The Modulation Effect of Emotional Context on Word Comprehension

The present study aims to explore the influence of emotional context on word evaluation. Participants were asked to read an “adjective + noun” phrase, where the adjective could be a positive or negative word, and the noun could be a positive, neutral or negative word, and then to make an emotional evaluation on the emotional tone of the target noun based on a 9-point Likert scale. In a control condition, an isolated noun was presented with no context. Results showed that positive context made the evaluation of target words bias toward positive tone, while negative context shaped the evaluation of target words toward negative tone. The modulatory effect of negative context was greater than that of positive context in shaping evaluation of emotional words with opposite valence. Moreover, the modulatory effect of emotional context was constrained by the inherent meaning of target word. The present study demonstrated the flexibility as well as the relative stability of emotional meaning of word.     

社会支持的调节作用研究

为了考察社会支持在人格特征和心理健康水平之间的调节作用,利用症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表和艾森克人格问卷简式量表对1102名大学生进行施测。层级回归分析的结果不仅支持了社会支持的调节作用,而且表明社会支持与个体的心理健康水平之间存在三种不同的关系形式,即(1)社会支持的主效应显著,但是调节效应不显著;(2)社会支持的主效应和调节效应同时显著;(3)社会支持的主效应不显著,但是调节效应显著。     

Understanding attraction in formal mentoring relationships from an affective perspective

Despite the critical role affect can play in mentoring, a type of close relationships in the workplace, affect has not received much attention in existing mentoring research. Drawing upon Byrne's affect-centered model of attraction, we examined the relationships among mentors' moods during their interaction with protégés, mentors' liking of protégés, and mentoring support received by protégés. Moreover, we also examined the moderating effect of protégés' emotional intelligence (EI) on the relationship between mentors' moods and liking. Based on data collected from 237 ongoing formal mentoring dyads, we found that mentors' positive moods were positively related, and negative moods were negatively related, to mentoring support received through mentors' liking. Furthermore, protégés' EI only moderated the positive relationship between mentors' positive moods and liking such that the positive relationship was stronger for protégés low on EI. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.     

中文版一般自我效能量表的信度和效度检验

该研究以山东省610名高中生为被试,检验了中文版一般自我效能量表（GSES）的信度和效度.结果表明：（1）中文版GSES的有些项目,区分度不高;（2）中文版GSES具有较高的内部一致性信度与分半信度,但重测信度不高;（3）中文版GSES的单维度性没有得到证实;（4）中文版GSES不具有很好的预测效度.     

New job market entrants' future work self,career adaptability and job search outcomes: Examining mediating and moderating models

Based on career construction theory and the model of proactive motivation, the current research examined the mediating and moderating models for the relations among future work self, career adaptability, job search self-efficacy and employment status. A survey study was conducted among Chinese university graduates (N = 270). The results showed that future work self (measured at wave 1) had positive effect on employment status (measured at wave 3), with this relationship partially mediated by career adaptability (measured at wave 1) and job search self-efficacy (measured at wave 2). In addition, the results further revealed that the positive effect of future work self on job search self-efficacy was stronger among the graduates who had a higher level of career adaptability. In support of the hypothesized moderated mediation model, for individuals with a higher level of career adaptability, the indirect effect of future work self on employment status through job search self-efficacy was stronger. These findings carry implications for research on job search behavior, career education and career counseling.