EFFECTS OF SECOND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF SPEAKERS AND LISTENERS ON PERSON PERCEPTION AND BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION: A STUDY OF CHINESE BILINGUALS

Do people at different levels of second language proficiency perceive and interact with other speakers differently? Conceptual analyses suggested three possibilities. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the hypotheses derived from the conceptual analyses. Forty Chinese undergraduates (half of whom were high and half of whom were low in English language proficiency) listened to English speeches by either high or low proficiency speakers, and rated the speakers on ten personality traits and ten behavioural intention items. High and low proficiency listeners did not differ in their impressions of the speakers or the behavioural intention towards them. However, speaker proficiency strongly affected the listeners' person perception and behavioural intention. Results from a hierarchical multiple regression supported the hypothesis that speaker proficiency influenced person perception, which in turn influenced behavioural intention.     

校长领导行为与校长类型

对3800名中小学教师和200名校长进行问卷施测,考察校长工作角色五个方面的相互关系,并在此基础上对校长领导行为进行聚类分析,得到四个类型。四种类型校长所在学校的组织气氛和学校效能感均有显著差异。     

Use of Memory-Load Interference in Processing Spoken Chinese Relative Clauses

The processing advantage of Subject-gapped relative clause (SRC) versus Object-gapped relative clause (ORC) has been advocated by competing processing accounts. Using a self-paced listening paradigm, this study investigates what Chinese RC online processing asymmetry looks like under concurrent memory load manipulation. Both On-line listening times and Post-online measures of Chinese SRCs and ORCs are estimated and compared. The on-line results show that ORCs and SRCs demonstrate no differential processing patterns under the interfering conditions. At the relativizer-DE marker region, under 0-digt-load, SRCs show processing advantage, while under 5-digit-load condition, SRCs display greater listening times than ORCs. Furthermore, the Post-online RTs and accuracy of post-sentence comprehension and digit recalls show that processing of SRCs had worse performance. These results lead to the conjecture that there may be no intrinsic processing asymmetry in Chinese RCs, and underscore the necessity that future studies in exploring the processing metrics of sentence complexity should consider the working memory involvement.     

Shame, internalized heterosexism, lesbian identity, and coming out to others: A comparative study of lesbians in mainland China and Hong Kong

The purpose of this study was to investigate coming out to family and friends and their relationships to shame, internalized heterosexism, lesbian identity, and perceived social support in Chinese lesbians from 2 different cultural settings-Mainland China (N = 244) and Hong Kong (N = 234). Results of structural equation modeling showed that, in both samples, a sense of shame was related to internalized heterosexism and a devaluation of one's lesbian identity, which in turn was related to a decreased likelihood of coming out to others. Shame was also associated with a reduced perception of support from friends, which seemed in turn to exacerbate internalized heterosexism among lesbians. Family support was generally unrelated to outness, except for outness to friends in the Hong Kong sample. Results are discussed in relation to the cultural stigma attached to same-sex orientation and the cultural practice of shaming that parents use to socialize children.     

东亚视野下的儒家经典诠释传统：黄俊杰教授访谈录

[编者按] 黄俊杰教授是在海内外享有盛誉的台湾学者.现任台湾大学历史系特聘教授、中央研究院中国文哲研究所合聘研究员、台大人文社会高等研究院院长,并兼任台湾通识教育学会荣誉理事长.     

古代汉语典籍中的法治语词略考

在中国古代的典籍中,因法、治二字的连属,出现了法的治之状态、作为名词的法治和以法治国的短语三种形态,表明中国古代已有法治这一名词,并有法治的概念.     

吕洞宾寿字文解

上红点为日,下红点为月,三点白圈为星,日月五星为之七政;上作天,中作地,口作人,天地与人为之三才;上半亦作金,中亦作木,寸亦作水,移日配口亦作火,工亦作土,金木水火土为之五行;地两边顶上两条白气为之两仪生四象生八卦;天亦作永,地亦作世,工亦作公,公至下亦作侯,永世公侯子子孙     

在规矩中自在——由“从心所欲,不逾距”看儒家自由观念

从心所欲,不逾矩是孔子进入化境的重要文献依据,后人往往依此句来讨论儒家的自由观念.在后儒的理解和诠释中,从心所欲,不逾矩实际上是要求人们将社会礼法内化成自己的信念,并以此涤除不合礼法的欲望,使自己的欲念全在礼法当中,从而感觉不到礼法与内心要求的冲突.这种自由是不去挑战世俗礼法的心灵自在,它蕴含着牺牲自己内心来迎合不合理的社会规矩之危险.当然,它也意味着,在现实生活中,个体难以脱离具体的历史情境追求无所顾忌的个人自由.