Kuo‐Hsuan Chung MD  Herng‐Ching Lin PhD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2010,40(2):107-114

A 3‐year nationwide population‐based data set was used to explore methods of suicide (violent vs. nonviolent) and possible contributing factors among cancer patients in Taiwan. A total of 1,065 cancer inpatients who committed suicide were included as our study sample. The regression shows that those who had genitourinary cancer were 0.55 times (p = 0.047) less likely to use violent methods to commit suicide than those who had respiratory cancer. Among those who committed suicide out of town, the odds of using violent methods were 1.39 (p = 0.015) of their counterparts who had committed suicide in their hometowns. Those who had income between NT$15,841～NT$25,000 were 0.70 (p = 0.042) times less likely to use violent methods to commit suicide than those who had no income.  相似文献   

    

Jin H. Yan  Bruce Abernethy  Xiaojian Li 《Applied cognitive psychology》2010,24(2):200-212

Skilled performance is a collective function of practice‐related experiences (online learning) and post‐practice memory consolidation during sleep (offline learning). This study examines the effects of ageing and cognitive impairment on the on‐ and offline learning of a point‐to‐point arm movement. In a 3‐day experiment, older adults (cognitively normal or impaired) and young adults (YAs) were randomly assigned to practice or no‐practice conditions. Changes in the dependent measures of movement time and timing error were analysed within and between conditions across days. The findings suggest that both age and cognitive function affect skill learning. YAs improved performance via both on‐ and offline learning whereas older adults with normal cognitive capacities appeared to learn the movement skill primarily in an online mode. Cognitive impairments were found to hinder both types of skill learning. Implications for motor skill acquisition and rehabilitation are briefly discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Aaron Hogue PhD  Molly Bobek MSW  Gregory Z. Tau MD  PhD  Frances R. Levin MD 《Child & family behavior therapy》2013,35(4):280-304

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is prevalent among adolescents enrolled in behavioral health services but remains undertreated, and the first-line treatment option, stimulant medication, is underutilized. To address this gap, this article introduces the Medication Integration Protocol (MIP): ADHD Assessment and Medication Consult; ADHD Psychoeducation and Client Acceptance; ADHD Symptoms and Family Relations; ADHD Medication and Family Decision-Making; and Medication Management and Integration Planning. The article concludes by highlighting what behavior therapists should know about integrating medication interventions into primary care; managing medication priorities for adolescents with multiple diagnoses, including substance use problems; and the compatibility of MIP with everyday practice conditions.  相似文献   

    

Lennart Ramberg MD 《International Forum of Psychoanalysis》2013,22(1):19-33

Abstract

Daniel Stern's concepts of “present moment” and “now moment,” with impending kairos, are described. In the latter, the patient demands the authentic presence of the analyst. If the analyst can open himself to the patient, he proposes that this will result in more profound changes in the patient's implicit knowing than verbal interpretations in the narrative domain would lead to. The value of intersubjectively relating and dwelling more in the phenomenal than in the narrative dimension is highlighted. A similarity to the works of the existential psychoanalyst Harold Kelman is shown. The author agrees with, but also problematises, a tendency to favour the implicit, devaluing verbal understanding and interpretation, which may result in the patient not seeing the primitive levels in his inner life. For this purpose, works from D. W. Winnicott, Jessica Benjamin and Christopher Bollas, as well as others, are used. The author concludes that object relations and intersubjective theory need to complement each other that further, there is a need to give words to the middle-ground between the phenomenal and narrative dimensions.  相似文献   

    

Javert Rodrigues MD 《International Forum of Psychoanalysis》2013,22(4):235-239

Abstract

This article outlines the importance of representation and several Freudian concepts such as Vorstellung, Trieb, and word and object representations. The author refers to the division of the analytical process into two main fields: the field of representation, and the field of the Real, which is characterized by impossibility. He then states that this field is the proper field of psychoanalysis. The author presents two clinical vignettes in an attempt to demonstrate the significance of the analytical act as a tool to deal with such extreme psychic situations.  相似文献   

    

Kevin Kelly MD 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2012,93(4):1079-1083

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Robert S. Wallerstein MD 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2012,93(6):1488-1489

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Chang Hong Liu  Wenfeng Chen  Hu Han  Shiguang Shan 《Applied cognitive psychology》2013,27(6):718-724

In person identification, recognition failure due to variations of illumination is common. In this study, we employed image‐processing techniques to tackle this problem. Participants performed recognition and matching tasks where the face stimuli were either original images or computer‐processed images in which shading was weakened via a number of image‐processing techniques. The results show that whereas recognition accuracy in a memory task was unaffected, some of the techniques significantly improved the identification performance in a face‐matching task. We conclude that relative to long‐term face memory, face matching is more susceptible to discrepancy of shading in different images of a face. Reducing the discrepancy by certain preprocessing techniques can facilitate person identification when original face images contain large illumination differences. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Ryan Y. Hong  Widyasari Triyono  Pearlyn S. Ong 《欧洲人格杂志》2013,27(3):256-270

Self‐discrepancy theory posits that people experience emotional consequences when they perceive discrepancies between their actual and possible selves. However, the extent to which people react emotionally to these self‐discrepancies (i.e. ideal, ought and undesired) may be a function of individual differences in neuroticism. Across both experimental (Study 1; N = 155) and correlational designs (Study 2; N = 139) involving college students, the authors demonstrated that neuroticism moderated the discrepancy–emotion associations such that high‐neuroticism individuals showed elevated depression and anxiety symptoms when their self‐discrepancies were activated. The heightened symptoms were maintained over time. Negative repetitive thoughts (i.e. rumination and worry) were examined as potential mediating mechanisms between the discrepancy × neuroticism interaction and symptoms. Partial support was obtained in that rumination mediated between undesired discrepancy × neuroticism interaction and anxious/depressive symptoms. Implications and possible theoretical extensions for self‐discrepancy theory are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

    

Jian Tao  Bao Xu  Ning‐Zhong Shi  Hong Jiao 《The Japanese psychological research》2013,55(3):284-291

For testlet response data, traditional item response theory (IRT) models are often not appropriate due to local dependence presented among items within a common testlet. Several testlet‐based IRT models have been developed to model examinees' responses. In this paper, a new two‐parameter normal ogive testlet response theory (2PNOTRT) model for dichotomous items is proposed by introducing testlet discrimination parameters. A Bayesian model parameter estimation approach via a data augmentation scheme is developed. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed 2PNOTRT model. The results indicated that the estimation of item parameters is satisfactory overall from the viewpoint of convergence. Finally, the proposed 2PNOTRT model is applied to a set of real testlet data.  相似文献