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281.
“The ineffable” in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus is an essential term that has various interpretations. It could be divided into two types, namely, positive and negative,
or real and fake. The negative or fake type can be clarified by logical analysis, while the positive or real type can be understood
only through philosophical critique. Both the positive and negative types consist of infinity or absoluteness, but the infinity
is subject to distinctions in meaning and logic.
__________
Translated from Zhexue Yanjiu 哲学研究 (Philosophical Researches), 2005, (8): 64–68 相似文献
282.
The ineffable in Wittgenstein s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus is an essential term that has various interpretations. It could be divided into two types, namely, positive and negative, or real and fake. The negative or fake type can be clarified by logical analysis, while the positive or real type can be understood only through philosophical critique. Both the positive and negative types consist of infinity or absoluteness, but the infinity is subject to distinctions in meaning and logic. 相似文献
283.
通过三个实验研究了属性的中心性程度对归纳推理的影响,结果表明,在归纳推理中存在属性中心性效应,中心属性比其他属性(次中心属性、再次中心属性)更能影响归纳推理。但属性中心性效应的出现受到了前提对象和结论对象相似性程度的制约,当前提对象和结论对象的相似程度高时,中心属性比其他属性更能影响归纳推理;随着相似性水平的降低,中心属性的归纳推理力度越来越弱,而次中心属性、再次中心属性的归纳推理力度则会依次表现出越来越强的趋势,到最后当前提对象和结论对象的属性完全不相似时,最次中心属性的归纳推理力度达到最高水平,而中心属性的归纳推理力度则降低到最低水平。由于再次中心属性的归纳推理力度的最高水平没有显著高于随机水平,而中心属性的归纳推理力度的最低水平却显著低于随机水平,因此,研究者认为,在前提对象和结论对象完全不相似的情况下,被试将确信不能采用中心属性来进行归纳推理的力度判断,而采用猜测的方式选择了肯定可以排除的项目之外的其他项目,这体现了具有不确定的归纳推理活动的过程的典型特征 相似文献
284.
285.
延迟满足之所以能够发展成为一个相对独立的概念结构,在很大程度上取决于研究方法的突破。学前儿童延迟满足研究领域目前有三种典型的实验研究方法,即自我延迟方法、外加延迟方法和礼物延迟方法,这些研究方法对于延迟满足研究起到了十分重要的作用。但这些研究方法似乎都忽略了延迟满足过程中的一种重要的心理过程——价值评判。儿童之所以愿意忍耐长时等待,是因为他们做出了符合自己需要的选择,这一选择过程在延迟满足过程中具有重要的作用。基于延迟满足中的价值评判,尝试性地提出了对延迟满足研究方法的初步改进方案。 相似文献
286.
287.
Children's Attitudes towards Peers with Disabilities: Associations with Personal and Parental Factors
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the following: (i) associations among children's prior contact with people with disabilities and the three dimensions of children's attitudes towards people with disabilities: children's understanding of and their feelings about people with disabilities and their behavioural intentions to make inclusion decisions; (ii) the relation between children's behavioural intentions to make inclusion decisions and the demands of activity contexts and the types of disabilities; and (iii) the association between parents' attitudes and children's attitudes. Participants included 94 typically developing four‐ and five‐year‐old preschoolers. Children's understanding of disabilities and their prior contact with people with disabilities were found to be positively related to their feelings about people with disabilities; children's understanding of disabilities was a significant moderator of the relation between their behavioural intentions and activity contexts or types of disabilities. The hypothesized association between parents' attitudes and children's attitudes was not significant. Preschoolers may benefit from having more regular contact with people with disabilities to develop positive feelings towards their peers with disabilities, which is also related to their understanding of disabilities. Children's behavioural intentions to make inclusion decisions need to be understood in relation to their understanding of disabilities, the demand of activity contexts, and types of disabilities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
288.
This study used structural equation modeling to examine the relationships of family socioeconomic status (SES), parent–adolescent conflict, and filial piety to family functioning among middle school and high school students in mainland China. A total of 2,341 students (1,218 girls and 1,096 boys; mean age = 15.42) completed the Chinese Family Assessment Instrument, Family Status Survey, Parent–adolescent Conflict Scale, and Filial Piety Scale. The main results showed that: (a) family SES, parent–adolescent conflict, and filial piety were significantly linked to family functioning; (b) parent–adolescent conflict and filial piety contributed more to family functioning than family SES; (c) parent–adolescent conflict mediated the relationship between reciprocal filial piety and family functioning. The results promote understanding of family processes that influence the relationships between family SES, parent–adolescent conflict, filial piety, and family functioning among middle school and high school adolescents in mainland China. 相似文献
289.
This study examined the potential role of gratitude as a protective factor against posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptomatology and global distress (GD) in the wake of disasters. Using longitudinal methodology, we assessed positive coping, gratitude, PTS symptomatology, and GD among 310 survivors of the 2009 Padang earthquake in Indonesia five and eight months after the disaster. Psychological hardiness and neuroticism were also measured at baseline. A general prototype model was constructed to predict scores on each of the dependent variables (GD and PTS symptomatology) at both time points. Hardiness and neuroticism were associated with GD and PTS at Time 1, but gratitude and positive coping had concurrent associations with these variables at Time 2. The unique association between gratitude and impairment at Time 2 suggests that it may play a role in adjustment to extreme disaster, but that it takes time to do so. 相似文献
290.
研究目的:探讨救援决策者与被救援者的关系密切程度以及思维方式与决策风格对风险偏好的影响。研究方法:实验一采用3(关系密切程度:高、中、低)×2(思维方式:直觉性、分析性)两因素混合实验设计,被试68名;实验二采用3(关系密切程度:高、中、低)×2(思维方式:直觉性、分析性)×2(决策风格:直觉型、分析型)三因素混合实验设计,被试93名。研究结果:(1)救援决策者与被救援者的关系密切程度越高,风险偏好越高;(2)直觉性和分析性思维方式之间的风险偏好无显著差异;(3)直觉型决策风格的风险偏好显著高于分析型;(4)关系密切程度与思维方式的交互作用显著,具体而言,采用直觉性思维方式时,关系密切程度的效应显著,关系密切程度越高,风险偏好越高;采用分析性思维方式时,关系密切程度的效应不显著。结论:直觉与风险偏好的关系更密切。面对关系亲密的被救援者,决策者采用直觉性思维方式时的风险偏好较高。 相似文献