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Jason M. Holland Robert A. Neimeyer Paul A. Boelen Holly G. Prigerson 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(3):190-201
Recent studies have supported the distinctiveness of complicated and prolonged forms of grief as a cluster of symptoms that
is separate from other psychiatric disorders. The distinction between prolonged and normal reactions to loss remains unclear,
however, with some believing that prolonged grief represents a qualitatively distinct clinical entity and others conceptualizing
it as the extreme end of a continuum. Thus, in this study a taxometric methodology was used to examine the underlying structure
of grief. Participants included 1,069 bereaved individuals who had lost a first-degree relative. Each participant completed
the Dutch version of the Inventory of Complicated Grief–Revised, which was used to create indicators of prolonged grief. The
mean above and mean below a cut (MAMBAC) and maximum eigenvalue (MAXEIG) tests supported a dimensional conceptualization,
indicating that pathological reactions might be best defined by the severity of grief symptoms rather than the presence or
absence of specific symptoms.
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Jason M. HollandEmail: |
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Holly C. Miller Cassie D. Gipson Aubrey Vaughan Rebecca Rayburn-Reeves Thomas R. Zentall 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2009,16(1):150-155
Dogs were tested for object permanence using an invisible displacement in which an object was hidden in one of two containers
at either end of a beam and the beam was rotated. Consistent with earlier research, when the beam was rotated 180°, the dogs
failed to find the object. However, when the beam was rotated only 90°, they were successful. Furthermore, when the dogs were
led either 90° or 180° around the apparatus, they were also successful. In a control condition, when the dogs could not see
the direction of the 90° rotation, they failed to find the object. The results suggest that the 180° rotation may produce
an interfering context that can be reduced by rotating the apparatus only 90° or by changing the dogs’ perspective. Once the
conflict is eliminated, dogs show evidence of object permanence that includes invisibly displaced objects. 相似文献
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Holly E. Brophy‐Herb Mildred Horodynski Sara B. Dupuis Erika London Bocknek Rachel Schiffman Esther Onaga Laurie A. Van Egeren Hiram E. Fitzgerald Mary Cunningham‐Deluca Shelley Hawver Madonna Adkins Sarah Thomas 《Infant mental health journal》2009,30(3):203-222
As part of a curriculum‐development project, focus groups were implemented with Early Head Start staff and with parents of infants and toddlers enrolled in Early Head Start. Focus groups were designed to identify staff and parent beliefs about early emotional development. Three major themes were identified that crossed the staff and parent focus groups: (a) Infants' and toddlers' abilities to have emotions and to be aware of others' emotions; (b) roles of parents as advocates, teachers, and disciplinarians; and (c) parental reflectivity about their own experiences as influences on their parenting. The findings suggest that parents participating in Early Head Start have some knowledge about basic emotions and the developmental nature of emotions, but may easily misinterpret emotional displays only as attempts at manipulation rather than as valid expressions of feelings; expectations for gender‐appropriate emotional expressiveness begin early; more empowered parents may view themselves as role models and teachers for their children; and more reflective parents are better prepared to engage in the sensitive interactions needed to guide young children's growing awareness of their own and others' emotions. Implications for parenting education and program planning utilizing an infant mental health perspective are discussed. 相似文献
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The effects of sex of aggressor and victim (male/female, female/male, male/male, female/female) on judgments regarding sexual aggression on a date were studied. Participants were 415 female and 279 male community college students (M age = 23.0 years; 47.3% European American, 18.6% Latin American, 7.5% African American, 7.8% South East Asian American, 3.7% Asian American, and 15.1% other) who read one of four vignettes describing a date in which forced intercourse occurred. Participants rated degree of disapproval of the aggressor's behavior from their own viewpoint (Participant Rating), the victim's viewpoint (Victim Rating), and the aggressor's viewpoint (Aggressor Rating). Results of 4 × 2 (Vignette × Participant Gender) ANOVAs of Participant Rating and Victim Rating indicated similar disapproval of the aggressor for all couple types except for female aggressor/male victim, for whom disapproval was significantly lower. The aggressor's overall behavior was rated as date/acquaintance rape by 46.6–55.4% of participants for all vignettes except the female aggressor/male victim vignette (18.7%). 相似文献
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Holly Gayley 《The Journal of religious ethics》2017,45(1):29-57
The compassionate treatment of animals has been the focal point of speeches and writings by one of the most influential Buddhist cleric‐scholars on the Tibetan plateau today, Khenpo Tsultrim Lodrö of Larung Buddhist Academy. This essay surveys the Khenpo's broad‐based advocacy for animal welfare and details his discrete appeals to nomads in eastern Tibet to forgo selling livestock for slaughter, to eat a vegetarian diet on religious holidays, to relinquish wearing animal fur, to protect wildlife habitat, and to liberate the lives of animals. I focus on the modernist “this worldly” dimension of his advocacy, calling attention to how Tsultrim Lodrö goes beyond traditional scare tactics that emphasize the karmic effects of negative deeds in future lives and instead invokes compassion by attending to the lived experience and suffering of animals. In doing so, the Khenpo positions Buddhism as a civilizing force in order to reform certain Tibetan customs and mitigate the influence of Chinese modernity and state marketization policies. I argue that his strategy of “reverse orientalism” appropriates state civilizational discourse and reverses its terms. 相似文献