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排序方式: 共有450条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
331.
Jacob B. Holzman David P. Valentiner Susan M. Hannan Douglas G. Wallace Holly K. Orcutt 《Anxiety, stress, and coping》2017,30(6):609-618
Background: Recognizing that alcohol might affect subsequent processing of trauma-related information, this study examined whether high dose alcohol consumption (HDAC) following a campus mass shooting affected the relation between shooting exposure and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS).Methods: Female participants (N?=?691) recorded levels of physical exposure to the shooting event, alcohol use, and PTSS 1 month following the shooting event and 8 months later.Results: No evidence was found to suggest that pre-shooting HDAC moderated the relationship between trauma exposure and PTSS 1 month following the shooting. HDAC in the month following the shooting predicted less resolution of PTSS 8 months later. Specifically, at higher (but not lower) levels of HDAC, shooting exposure was associated with less reduction in PTSS from 1 to 8 months post-trauma. Several alternate explanations were ruled out.Conclusions: Less reduction in PTSS seems to occur at high levels of both shooting exposure and HDAC. Theoretical implications and directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
332.
B. Blair Braden Kara B. Dassel Heather A. Bimonte-Nelson Holly P. O’Rourke Donald J. Connor Sallie Moorhous 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2017,24(3):227-246
Many studies suggest sex differences in memory and hippocampal size, and that hormone therapy (HT) may positively affect these measures in women; however, the parameters of HT use that most likely confer benefits are debated. We evaluated the impact of sex and postmenopausal HT use on verbal learning and memory and hippocampal size in 94 cognitively intact women and 49 men. Using analysis of covariance that controlled for age and education, women had better total word learning and delayed verbal memory performance than men. HT analyses showed that non-HT users performed similarly to men, while HT users performed better than men in Delayed Memory regardless of whether use was current or in the past. Women had larger hippocampal volumes than men regardless of whether they were HT users. Using univariate linear models, we assessed group differences in the predictive value of hippocampal volumes for verbal learning and memory. Hippocampal size significantly predicted memory performance for men and non-HT users, but not for HT users. This lack of relationship between hippocampal size and verbal learning and memory performance in HT users suggests HT use may impact memory through extra-hippocampal neural systems. 相似文献
333.
Synthese - One of the main motivations for compositional nihilism, the view that there are no composite material objects, concerns the many puzzles and problems associated with them. Nihilists... 相似文献
334.
335.
Testing Structural Models of DSM-IV Symptoms of Common Forms of Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Lahey BB Rathouz PJ Van Hulle C Urbano RC Krueger RF Applegate B Garriock HA Chapman DA Waldman ID 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2008,36(2):187-206
Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) symptoms of common mental disorders derived from structured interviews of a representative sample
of 4,049 twin children and adolescents and their adult caretakers. A dimensional model based on the assignment of symptoms
to syndromes in DSM-IV fit better than alternative models, but some dimensions were highly correlated. Modest sex and age
differences in factor loadings and correlations were found that suggest that the dimensions of psychopathology are stable
across sex and age, but slightly more differentiated at older ages and in males. The dimensions of symptoms were found to
be hierarchically organized within higher-order “externalizing” and “internalizing” dimensions, which accounted for much of
their variance. Major depression and generalized anxiety disorder were substantially correlated with both the “externalizing”
dimension and the “internalizing” dimension, however, suggesting the need to reconceptualize the nature of these higher-order
dimensions. 相似文献
336.
Four studies were conducted on the development and validation of the Measure of Sexual Identity Exploration and Commitment (MoSIEC). Exploratory factor analysis of an initial item pool yielded a 22-item measure with 4 distinct factors assessing commitment, exploration, sexual orientation identity uncertainty, and synthesis/integration. Exploratory factor analysis findings support the argument that sexual identity is a broad, multidimensional construct and that the MoSIEC assesses the construct of sexual identity in a manner consistent with J. E. Marcia's (1966) model of identity development. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated the stability of the MoSIEC factor structure, providing evidence of construct validity. Test-retest stability, internal consistency, and validity coefficients supported the use and continued development of the MoSIEC. Significant differences in levels of exploration and sexual orientation identity uncertainty were found among different sexual orientation identity groups, establishing the criterion-related validity of the MoSIEC. Implications for further development and use of the MoSIEC are discussed. 相似文献
337.
Intervening with depressed women during their childbearing years, especially with those on low incomes, is critically important.
Not only do mothers and expectant mothers suffer unnecessarily, but their untreated depression has critical negative consequences
for their families. Despite this, these women have proven especially difficult to engage in psychotherapy. In this paper we
describe several adaptations and additions we have made to a brief form of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) to meet the needs
of mothers and expectant mothers living on low incomes in the community who suffer from depression, but face significant practical,
psychological, and cultural barriers to engaging in and staying in treatment. In addition, we present some preliminary data
on the extent to which our enhanced, brief IPT approach promotes improvements in treatment engagement and retention relative
to usual care for expectant mothers on low incomes. 相似文献
338.
Sharon M Flicker Charles W Turner Holly B Waldron Janet L Brody Timothy J Ozechowski 《Journal of family psychology》2008,22(1):167-170
In this study, the authors examined the role of balance between adolescent-therapist and parent-therapist alliances in the retention of functional family therapy clients. Therapeutic alliances of mothers, fathers, and adolescents were assessed from videotapes of the 1st treatment session for 43 Hispanic and 43 Anglo families. Hispanic families who dropped out before completing the requisite number of sessions were found to have greater imbalance in alliance (parent-adolescent) than those who did complete therapy. However, this finding was not replicated with Anglo families. Results are interpreted in terms of previous research on family-level balanced alliance effects. 相似文献
339.
Austin JC Palmer CG Rosen-Sheidley B Veach PM Gettig E Peay HL 《Journal of genetic counseling》2008,17(1):18-29
This is the second article of a two-part professional development series on genetic counseling for personal and family histories of psychiatric disorders. It is based on an Educational Breakout Session presented by The Psychiatric Special Interest Group of the National Society of Genetic Counselors at the 2006 Annual Education Conference. While the first article in this two part series dealt with addressing family histories of psychiatric disorders in clinical practice, the following discussion deals with the generation and provision of individualized recurrence risks for psychiatric disorders, based on empiric risk data. We present four cases that illustrate important components of and process for generating individualized risk assessment for family histories of psychiatric disorders. 相似文献
340.
An experimental comparison between rival theories of rapid automatized naming performance and its relationship to reading 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Powell D Stainthorp R Stuart M Garwood H Quinlan P 《Journal of experimental child psychology》2007,98(1):46-68
Two studies investigated the degree to which the relationship between rapid automatized naming (RAN) performance and reading development is driven by shared phonological processes. Study 1 assessed RAN, phonological awareness, and reading performance in 1010 7- to 10-year-olds. Results showed that RAN deficits occurred in the absence of phonological awareness deficits. These were accompanied by modest reading delays. In structural equation modeling, solutions where RAN was subsumed within a phonological processing factor did not provide a good fit to the data, suggesting that processes outside phonology may drive RAN performance and its association with reading. Study 2 investigated Kail's proposal that speed of processing underlies this relationship. Children with single RAN deficits showed slower speed of processing than did closely matched controls performing normally on RAN. However, regression analysis revealed that RAN made a unique contribution to reading even after accounting for processing speed. Theoretical implications are discussed. 相似文献