积极心理干预是“新瓶装旧酒”吗?

积极心理干预是一系列基于积极心理学基本原理而开发的干预技术和干预活动的总称。“内容取向”和“机制取向”是其定义的主要观点, 目前主要有认识和运用积极特质、感知和欣赏积极体验、训练和养成积极思维、建立和维持积极关系四大基本策略。干预通过认知、情绪、行为、需求、脑神经等机制产生效果。活动、参与者、文化背景等因素也影响干预效果。未来研究需将内容取向与机制取向、独立运用与整合运用、效度原则和经济成本相结合。     

Ein Kontrollzwang und seine Therapie

Das folgende nachempfundene Erlebnisprotokoll zeigt einen kurzen Ausschnitt aus dem Leidensweg einer Patientin mit Kontrollzw?ngen. Es handelt sich dabei um eine schwere St?rung, welche die Lebensqualit?t der Betroffenen stark beeintr?chtigen kann. In einem solchen Fall ist eine Psychotherapie unerl?sslich. Die Methode der Wahl ist dabei die Verhaltenstherapie.     

Discriminating emotions from appraisal-relevant situational information: Baseline data for structural models of cognitive appraisals

Abstract

Cognitive emotion theorists assume that the quality of emotions is determined by the appraisal of the eliciting states of affairs. Accordingly, a central criterion for the evaluation of structural models of cognitive appraisal is their capacity to discriminate between emotions on the basis of the proposed appraisal dimensions. It is suggested that a good model should approximate subjects' “natural” ability to distinguish emotions on the basis of appraisal-relevant situational information. Corresponding data for 23 common emotions, which can serve as a baseline for the evaluation of cognitive appraisal theories, are reported, and various factors that may have deflated the discrimination rates obtained so far in empirical studies are discussed.     

Cognitive-behavioral treatment for social phobia in Parkinson's disease: A single-case study

Individuals with Parkinson's disease often exhibit symptoms of social anxiety. However, they rarely meet criteria for social phobia due to the medical exclusion criteria of DSM-IV. The present study reports the case of a 60-year-old male with Parkinson's disease who also met criteria for social phobia. After receiving 12 weekly cognitive-behavioral group sessions for social phobia, clinician ratings and self-report measures at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up showed a significant short-term and long-term reduction of his social anxiety. These findings suggest that cognitive-behavior therapy may be an effective treatment for social anxiety, even if these symptoms are related to Parkinson's disease.