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81.
Two studies examined the extent to which dimensions of perfectionism are associated with indices of relationship beliefs,
behaviors, and dyadic adjustment. In Study 1, 69 students in dating relationships completed the Multidimensional Perfectionism
Scale (MPS) and a multidimensional measure of relationship beliefs. In addition, partici-pants completed self-report measures
of positive and negative relationship behaviors, and global measures of liking and loving. In Study 2, 91 students in dating
relation-ships completed a battery of measures including the MPS and scales assessing perfec-tionism cognitions and perfectionistic
self presentation. They also completed mea-sures of dyadic adjustment and limerence (i.e., intense, obsessive low with fears
of rejection). Collectively, the findings indicated that individuals with high levels of self-oriented perfectionism and other-oriented
perfectionism have stronger relationship beliefs in the areas of communication, trust, and support, suggesting that these
perfec-tionists have high relationship standards in these particular areas. Although social prescribed perfectionism had little
association with specific relationship beliefs, so-cially prescribed perfectionism was associated with a tendency to display
destructive relationship responses (i.e., exit, neglect, and insensitivity), lower dyadic adjustment, and various aspects
of limerence, including obsessive preoccupations and emotional dependence on the dating partner. Perfectionistic self-presentation
and perfectionism cognitions were also linked with aspects of limerence. The results suggest that inter-personal aspects of
perfectionism are associated with self-defeating tendencies in dating relationships.
This research was supported, in part, by grant #410-93-1256 from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
awarded to the authors. The authors wish to thank Lisa Davidson for her assistance with the data analyses in Study 1. Requests
for reprints should be addressed to Gordon L. Flett, Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada, M3J 1P3. 相似文献
82.
Greater attention problems during childhood predict poorer executive functioning in late adolescence 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Friedman NP Haberstick BC Willcutt EG Miyake A Young SE Corley RP Hewitt JK 《Psychological science》2007,18(10):893-900
Attention problems (behavior problems including inattention, disorganization, impulsivity, and hyperactivity) are widely thought to reflect deficits in executive functions (EFs). However, it is unclear whether attention problems differentially relate to distinct EFs and how developmental stability and change predict levels of EFs in late adolescence. We investigated, in an unselected sample, how teacher-rated attention problems from ages 7 to 14 years related to three correlated but separable EFs, measured as latent variables at age 17. Attention problems at all ages significantly predicted later levels of response inhibition and working memory updating, and to some extent set shifting; the relation to inhibiting was stronger than the relations to the other EFs or IQ. Growth models indicated that attention problems were quite stable in this age range, and it was the initial levels of problems, rather than their changes across time, that predicted later EFs. These results support the hypothesis that attention problems primarily reflect difficulties with response inhibition. 相似文献
83.
Edward D. Sturman Gordon L. Flett Paul L. Hewitt Susan G. Rudolph 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2009,27(4):213-231
The current study investigated the role of contingent self-worth in perfectionism and depression. It was hypothesized that
perfectionism is associated with depression because perfectionists base their self-worth on being successful and on the need
to be actively working toward their goals. A sample of 170 female university students completed measures of conditional self-worth,
perfectionism traits, perfectionism cognitions, and depressive symptoms. Structural equation modeling revealed that a factor
interpreted as Evaluative Concerns Perfectionism was associated strongly with contingent self-worth, which was, in turn, related
to depressive symptomatology. In addition, contingent self-worth mediated the association between perfectionism cognitions
and depression. Other analyses revealed that measures of self-oriented perfectionism that are often viewed as highly similar
actually differed in terms of their associations with contingent self-worth. The theoretical and practical implications of
the associations between perfectionism and contingent self-worth are discussed. 相似文献
84.
85.
Trevor M. Shackleton Ray Meddis Michael J. Hewitt 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1994,47(3):545-563
The relative importance of voice pitch and interaural difference cues in facilitating the recognition of both of two concurrently presented synthetic vowels was measured. The interaural difference cues used were an interaural time difference (400 μsec ITD), two magnitudes of interaural level difference (15 dB and infinite ILD), and a combination of ITD and ILD (400 μsec plus 15 dB). The results are analysed separately for those cases where both vowels are identical and those where they are different. When the two vowels are different, a voice pitch difference of one semitone is found to improve the percentage of correct reports of both vowels by 35.8% on average. However, the use of interaural difference cues results in an improvement of 11.5% on average when there is a voice pitch difference of one semitone, but only a non-significant 0.1% when there is no voice pitch difference. When the two vowels are identical, imposition of either a voice pitch difference or binaural difference reduces performance, in a subtractive manner. It is argued that the smaller size of the interaural difference effect is not due to a “ceiling effect” but is characteristic of the relative importance of the two kinds of cues in this type of experiment. The possibility that the improvement due to interaural difference cues may in fact be due to monaural processing is discussed. A control experiment is reported for the ITD condition, which suggests binaural processing does occur for this condition. However, it is not certain whether the improvement in the ILD condition is due to binaural processing or use of the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio for a single vowel at each ear. 相似文献
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90.
Victoria E. Cosgrove Soo H. Rhee Heather L. Gelhorn Debra Boeldt Robin C. Corley Marissa A. Ehringer Susan E. Young John K. Hewitt 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2011,39(1):109-123
Several studies suggest that a two-factor model positing internalizing and externalizing factors explains the interrelationships
among psychiatric disorders. However, it is unclear whether the covariation between internalizing and externalizing disorders
is due to common genetic or environmental influences. We examined whether a model positing two latent factors, internalizing
and externalizing, explained the interrelationships among six psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, generalized
anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and
conduct disorder) in adolescents, and whether there are common genetic and environmental influences on internalizing and externalizing
latent factors. Multivariate behavior genetic analyses of data from 1162 twin pairs and 426 siblings ascertained from the
general population via the Colorado Center for Antisocial Drug Dependence (CADD) were conducted. We found support for a model
positing two latent factors (internalizing and externalizing). These factors were moderately heritable and influenced by significant
common genetic and nonshared environmental influences. These findings suggest that co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing
psychopathology in adolescents results from both genetic and environmental influences. 相似文献