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121.
Henning Paikin Jukka Vaälimäki Inki Steen Krogvig Olena Sennton 《Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review》2013,36(1):37-43
Freud's concept of the death instinct has given rise to many different interpretations which have often been contradictory. It is in fact already possible to discern two diametrically opposite meanings of this concept in Freud's work from 1920—Beyond the Pleasure Principle—in which he first introduced the concept of the death instinct. In this paper, it is argued that both these meanings are relevant in describing psychical life, although only one of these meanings actually qualifies for the concept “death instinct”. Beyond the Pleasure Principle was written in order to try to understand some everyday, as well as clinical phenomena which could not be explained by the so-called pleasure principle. Freud postulated something beyond the pleasure principle, which initially seemed to have to do with binding energy. I will preserve this idea and attempt to develop it within the context of a phenomenological analysis of time. The temporalization of the subject involves a very basic affirmation of existence, in that the subject experiences something constant, something that can be said to possess the quality of a gestalt. I propose that that which is beyond the pleasure principle—this binding of energy—should be understood as the opposite of the idea of a primordial death instinct striving towards death. In this case, that which is beyond the pleasure principle reflects an original affirmation of existence, which could be said to correspond to Freud's first meaning of the death instinct. The second meaning—for which the name “death instinct” seems to be applicable—concerns the discharge of energy, which from a temporal point of view shows itself as a tendency to dissolution. The concept of the death instinct in its various meanings is discussed in connection with phenomenological reflections on time, which is a different approach from Freud's attempt to ground the death instinct in biology. 相似文献
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123.
Mirror-touch synaesthesia is a condition where observing touch to another’s body induces a subjective tactile sensation on the synaesthetes body. The present study explores which characteristics of the inducing stimulus modulate the synaesthetic touch experience. Fourteen mirror-touch synaesthetes watched videos depicting a touch event while indicating (i) whether the video induced a tactile sensation, (ii) on which side of their body they felt this sensation and (iii) the intensity of the experienced sensation. Results indicate that the synaesthetes experience stronger tactile sensations when observing touch to real bodies, whereas observing touch to dummy bodies, pictures of bodies and disconnected dummy body parts elicited weaker sensations. These results suggest that mirror-touch synaesthesia is not entirely bottom-up driven, but top-down information, such as knowledge about real and dummy body parts, also modulate the intensity of the experience. 相似文献
124.
Alan R. Felthous M.D. Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Henning Sa? 《Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie》2012,6(4):273-280
Certification in forensic psychiatry in the United States has previously included testing for the appropriate fund of knowledge and in various ways and degrees the skills needed to practice this subspecialty competently. Today explicit attention is increasingly being given to supporting methods for forensic psychiatrists to systematically identify and then fortify areas of weakness in forensic knowledge and skill sets. The development of certification in forensic psychiatry can be traced through four phases: (1) certification in general psychiatry by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) a prerequisite for certification in forensic psychiatry in each of the three certification phases to follow, (2) certification in forensic psychiatry by the American Board of Forensic Psychiatry (ABFP), (3) certification and recertification in forensic psychiatry by the ABPN and (4) certification, recertification and maintenance of certification by the ABPN. The level of actual competence has always been a challenge to assess adequately and today is both supported and further challenged by measures designed to encourage a lifetime of learning and focused self-improvement required through the ABPN??s maintenance of certification program. 相似文献
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126.
Henning Eichberg 《Sport, Ethics and Philosophy》2014,8(1):77-84
A lively debate has arisen about the need and the character of phenomenology—of phenomenology in general and of sports phenomenology in particular. This paper responds to Irena Martínková and Jim Parry who ‘defended’ philosophical phenomenology against my critique of their book about phenomenological approaches to sport. Where the defense maintains the existence of one single and correct phenomenology, understood as a sort of existential philosophy, this paper argues for a diversity of different types of phenomenology and more concretely for a phenomenological method that goes ‘back to phenomena.’ 相似文献
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128.
Henning Paikin 《Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review》2013,36(1):66-68
The subject of this article is body-related linguistic identity and the need for a “word man”, i.e., an author or a psychoanalyst, to stay in close contact with that identity. The account describes the journey of the author and other persons from word to linguistic identity. 相似文献
129.
Henning Paikin Mikael Enckell Marie Næstad Göran Schedin 《Scandinavian Psychoanalytic Review》2013,36(1):89-98
This article discusses some basic problems of the theory of science connected with understanding the psychoanalytic process. The epistemology of psychoanalysis is seen in relation to the specific status of time, space and causality. It is argued that in psychic life, time and space cannot be a priori categories in the Kantian sense because they are constituted in psychic development and in the dynamics of the psyche and can be abolished in psychopathological conditions as well as in the unconscious. Psychic causality is discussed in relation to Freud's concepts of Nachträglichkeit and overdetermination and remarks are made on the necessity to consider the complex nature of psychic causality when doing research. 相似文献
130.
Infants point for various motives. Classically, one such motive is declarative, to share attention and interest with adults to events. Recently, some researchers have questioned whether infants have this motivation. In the current study, an adult reacted to 12-month-olds' pointing in different ways, and infants' responses were observed. Results showed that when the adult shared attention and interest (i.e alternated gaze and emoted), infants pointed more frequently across trials and tended to prolong each point--presumably to prolong the satisfying interaction. However, when the adult emoted to the infant alone or looked only to the event, infants pointed less across trials and repeated points more within trials--presumably in an attempt to establish joint attention. Results suggest that 12-month-olds point declaratively and understand that others have psychological states that can be directed and shared. 相似文献