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191.
FM is a progressive aphasic patient whose language comprehension we studied over a 4-year period. We developed a variety of implicit and explicit tasks to chart progressive changes in the representation of linguistic knowledge (in particular, syntax and semantics) and the automatic and controlled processes which operate on that knowledge. The representation of FM's semantic knowledge remained essentially intact over the years, but she became increasingly impaired at combining the meanings of words. She also showed progressive impairments in the processes of syntactic combination. Thus, FM's disease resulted in a progressive inability to engage in those combinatorial processes necessary for the normal comprehension of a spoken utterance. This is not a selective deficit in the traditional sense of the term, since aspects of both syntax and semantics are implicated; but it is selective in the sense that other aspects of language comprehension remain intact. 相似文献
192.
Helen S. Farmer 《Sex roles》1984,10(9-10):663-675
The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a measure of Home-Career conflict (H-C) for college women. Data from two studies are presented. Subjects for the first study were college women enrolled in undergraduate psychology classes (N=163) at a large midwestern college. Subjects for the second study were fifty student teachers enrolled in Traditional female college majors (i.e., a majority are women) and fifty engineering students in Nontraditional female college majors (i.e., a majority are men). Findings from the first study indicated that high negative affect scores on the H-C measure were significantly (p<.05) related to low career motivation scores. Findings from the first study were used to revise the measure. Using discriminant analysis results from the second study obtained significantly different (p<.02) patterns of scores for Traditional college majors compared to Nontraditional college majors. Traditional majors wrote more stories depicting mothers as primarily homemakers and described more negative affect in their stories. Reliability estimates and validity data are provided. Suggestions for refinement of the measure are discussed as well as possible counseling uses. 相似文献
193.
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195.
Helen L Johnson 《Journal of experimental child psychology》1975,19(1):88-99
Preschool children's understanding of temporal relationships was examined in terms of their comprehension of sentences containing clauses linked by before and after. The relative importance of order of mention and main-subordinate relations strategies in children's interpretation of temporal order information was also evaluated.Divergent error patterns emerged on the tasks; omissions prevailed on the two tasks involving response to commands, reversals prevailed on the other. Further examination revealed that omissions reflected ambiguity in the linguistic structure of commands. Thus the effect of main-subordinate relations was confounded with directness of command. On all comprehension tasks, however, performance was superior on sentence forms in which order of mention and order of occurrence correspond. 相似文献
196.
Edward Hampe Lovick Miller Curtis Barrett Helen Noble 《Journal of School Psychology》1973,11(1):66-70
Although the notion is widespread that school phobics are generally brighter than average, data to support this notion have never been collected systematically. Evidence from this study suggests that if the sample size is large and if economic barriers to treatment are not present, one finds that intelligence is distributed among school phobics as it is distributed in the general population. Implications for practice and research are discussed. 相似文献
197.
The optical distortion caused by wearing a facemask in water magnifies the angular size of objects and reduces their optical distance. However, objects generallyappear to be further than their optical distance, with the result that points in the left part of the visual field are apparently displaced to the left, and those on the right to the right. Experiments on hand-eye coordination under water showed that adaptation to one aspect of the distortion produced some counteradaptation to complementary aspects: adaptation to distance produced increased lateral distortion, and adaptation to one side of the lateral distortion produced increased distortion on the opposite side. Nevertheless, “trading” was incomplete, and some overall adaptation of the visual metric occurred. 相似文献
198.
The angular function of the rod-and-frame illusion was studied under conditions of variation in frame shape. The results support predictions arising from the hypothesis that as a frame is varied in tilt, vertical settings of a rod will be in error in the direction of the major frame axis closest to true vertical. 相似文献
199.
Helen Orvaschel Geraldine Walsh-Allis Weijai Ye 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1988,16(1):17-28
We examined the prevalence of psychopathology in children of parents with recurrent major depression (n=61)and children of normal control parents (n=46).Rates of psychopathology in the children of depressed parents were consistently higher when compared either with the control children or with rates of disorder reported for nonclinically referred children from other studies. Forty-one percent of high-risk children met criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder compared with 15% of low-risk children. Significant differences between groups were found for affective disorders and attention deficit disorder, and a nonsignificant trend was noted for anxiety disorder, all of which were more prevalent in the children of depressed parents.This work was supported, in part, by a W. T. Grant Foundation Faculty Scholar Award, No. 8308700. 相似文献
200.
Deafness, spelling and rhyme: How spelling supports written word and picture rhyming skills in deaf subjects 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ruth Campbell Helen Wright 《The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology》1988,40(4):771-788
Orally trained, congenitally deaf adolescents and hearing, reading-age-matched control subjects made rhyme judgements for pictures and for written words. Hearing children performed the task accurately. By contrast, the deaf group were very poor at rhyme judgement for words and for pictures. For hearing children, word rhyme judgement was more accurate when the words were congruent in their spelling pattern (e.g. bat/hat), less accurate when the spelling pattern of the rhyming words was incongruent (hair/bear). Deaf subjects showed an even more pronounced effect of spelling congruence; their ability to match for rhyme when written words did not share the same spelling pattern was extremely poor. Moreover, spelling congruence predicted deaf subjects' picture rhyming skills.
We conclude that oral training for deaf people does not always permit them to achieve a reliable phonological representation of speech from lip-reading and residual hearing alone. Instead they use the written spelling of the word. This result is not predicted from some previous results that suggest that orally trained deaf people can make direct, spontaneous use of rhyme in the processing of visually presented material. 相似文献
We conclude that oral training for deaf people does not always permit them to achieve a reliable phonological representation of speech from lip-reading and residual hearing alone. Instead they use the written spelling of the word. This result is not predicted from some previous results that suggest that orally trained deaf people can make direct, spontaneous use of rhyme in the processing of visually presented material. 相似文献