心理咨询新模式:聚焦于问题解决的短期咨询

“聚焦于问题解决的短期咨询”是一种新兴的心理咨询模式,它因其正向思考、省时省力等优点迅速在世界范围内崛起,并被广泛应用在不同的咨询情境中。文章在对聚焦于问题解决的短期咨询简介的基础上,介绍了其产生背景,指出了该模式的应用领域,并对其作了简要评价。     

9970名中学生心理素质的研究

对北京市随机抽取的９９７０名中学生进行自编的《中学生心理素质测验》的测试,结果表明：（１）总体而言,中学生的心理素质水平良好。（２）年级越低,心理素质水平越高,年级越高,心理素质水平越低。（３）初中生的心理素质水平好于高中生。（４）在男女性别差异上,年级越低,男女差异越大,年级越高,差异越小。其中,男生在智力和情绪因子上心理素质水平好于女生,女生在注意力和道德感因子上心理素质水平好于男生。在对初中与高中的男女性别考验中也得到了一致的结论。     

"生产主义批判"的历史和逻辑

马克思给予物质生产以历史基础地位,却对生产主义予以严厉的批判。这一理论取向为历代马克思主义者所继承,也成为西方马克思主义、各种新马克思主义和后马克思主义的显性话语,因而成为我们判断一个学派与马克思主义有无学脉关系的根本论题之一。生产主义批判,包括“生产主义社会”批判和“生产主义”意识形态批判两个方面。生产主义社会批判又经过了狭义生产主义批判和广义生产主义批判两个阶段。一狭义生产主义批判“生产主义社会”批判首先是对“生产—消费社会”型的经济体制和社会体制的批判。在这种体制中,生产是社会的支配原则,在生产…     

知觉时长对恢复性环境的恢复性效果的影响

基于注意恢复理论探讨恢复性环境的即时恢复效果、知觉时间对恢复性环境的恢复性效果的影响、以及恢复性环境恢复效果的意识加工机制等问题。实验1对恢复性环境图片的恢复性效果进行评估,筛选恢复性环境的刺激材料;实验2基于前后测范式采用视觉搜索任务作为实验任务,以进一步验证图片的恢复性效果和实验任务的有效性;实验3采用实验组和对照组的实验范式选取三种不同知觉时长,以验证知觉时间对恢复性环境恢复性效果的影响。研究结果发现:呈现恢复性环境图片组成绩好于不呈现恢复性环境图片组;对恢复性环境图片的知觉时间越长恢复性效果越好。     

中国化的马克思主义宗教观研究

中国化的马克思主义宗教观是中国共产党把马克思主义宗教观同中国宗教的具体实际相结合而揭示的关于宗教问题的理论观点、方针政策和实践经验的总结。中国化的马克思主义宗教本质观、历史观是对马克思主义宗教基本观点的继承和超越;中国化的马克思主义宗教安全观、适应观是对马克思主义宗教观的发展和创新;中国化的马克思主义宗教和谐观是马克思主义宗教观中国化的最新理论成果。     

衡阳市农村邪教调研——邪教的文化学分析

世纪之交,邪教在我国一些农村地区活动猖獗。认识邪教的本质,分析其产生原因,寻求反邪教的有效措施,是无邪农村建设的关键。本文以文化学的方法,通过对衡阳市农村邪教的调研,指出邪教是危害农村社会发展的文化恶魔,其产生的原因在于农村主文化失范及其维持力量弱化,反农村邪教应注意加强主文化建设与对农民个体的教育及其利益、需要合理、正当地满足。     

《管子》教育思想浅析

《管子》教育思想集各家之大成,具有很强的开放性与接受性,同时具有创新与互补的特色。探究《管子》教育思想,对于创立富有中国特色的教育科学,推动我国教育事业健康发展具有重要意义。     

中国化马克思主义宗教价值观研究

中国化马克思主义宗教价值观是中国共产党对宗教的社会功能、作用和意义的价值判断。宗教具有重要的文化价值、教义教规含有积极因素、宗教界人士和信教群众大多数是积极力量;宗教的消极作用有其产生的根源,有历史的和现实的表现;党和国家宗教工作的目的是发挥积极作用,消除消极因素。     

Elderly suicide in China

The rise in suicide rate among elderly people in China in recent years is noteworthy and may be associated with the increasing poverty of elderly people and the lack of social resources allocated to providing them with needed services to ensure their health and mental well-being.     

Perceptual space in the dark affected by the intrinsic bias of the visual system

Correct judgment of egocentric/absolute distance in the intermediate distance range requires both the angular declination below the horizon and ground-surface information being represented accurately. This requirement can be met in the light environment but not in the dark, where the ground surface is invisible and hence cannot be represented accurately. We previously showed that a target in the dark is judged at the intersection of the projection line from the eye to the target that defines the angular declination below the horizon and an implicit surface. The implicit surface can be approximated as a slant surface with its far end slanted toward the frontoparallel plane. We hypothesize that the implicit slant surface reflects the intrinsic bias of the visual system and helps to define the perceptual space. Accordingly, we conducted two experiments in the dark to further elucidate the characteristics of the implicit slant surface. In the first experiment we measured the egocentric location of a dimly lit target on, or above, the ground, using the blind-walking-gesturing paradigm. Our results reveal that the judged target locations could be fitted by a line (surface), which indicates an intrinsic bias with a geographical slant of about 12.4 degrees. In the second experiment, with an exocentric/relative-distance task, we measured the judged ratio of aspect ratio of a fluorescent L-shaped target. Using trigonometric analysis, we found that the judged ratio of aspect ratio can be accounted for by assuming that the L-shaped target was perceived on an implicit slant surface with an average geographical slant of 14.4 degrees. That the data from the two experiments with different tasks can be fitted by implicit slant surfaces suggests that the intrinsic bias has a role in determining perceived space in the dark. The possible contribution of the intrinsic bias to representing the ground surface and its impact on space perception in the light environment are also discussed.