环境伦理视阈中的分配正义原则

分配正义不仅存在于收入分配领域,还存在于自然资源在同代人或不同代人之间的分配过程之中。分配正义是人与自然、人与人之间和谐协调与可持续发展的伦理基础。与一般意义的分配正义主要是指对一定社会结构、社会关系和社会现象的一种伦理认定和道德评价相区别,环境伦理视阈中的分配正义主要体现自然资源在国家之间的公平分配、国内的公平分配、代际之间的公平分配、人类的需要与环境本身之间公平分配等层面,概括地讲,也就是代内正义、代际正义和种际正义。     

改革开放30年大学生理想信念教育的回顾与展望

改革开放30年来,高校在大学生理想信念培养方面的成功之处在于:\"一面旗帜\"保证了社会主义大学人才培养的方向,\"一个中心\"引领了大学生的成才目标,\"一个基本点\"奠定了大学生理想信念的基础,\"一个理论体系\"武装了有理想、有信念的一代新人。在新时期大学生理想信念教育中,我们还要注意做到坚持\"四个结合\"。     

论我国公共伦理研究的三个向度及其基本范式

我国学界关于公共伦理的研究存在三个既相互区别又相互联系的研究向度,即公共管理伦理的向度、市民社会伦理的向度、政治伦理的向度,与之相应的基本理论范式是公共利益范式、公共领域范式以及公共性范式.厘清三个向度及其基本理论范式之间的区别和联系,是公共伦理学研究的基础理论问题.     

工作满意度、情感承诺和工作投入对工作技能评价结果的影响

通过对从事人力资源管理工作的公务员、软件工程师、网络编辑和报纸广告销售人员四个职业的272名任职者调查数据的层次回归分析,文章发现控制了职业和人口统计学变量的影响之后,工作满意度、情感承诺和工作投入三个工作态度变量对工作技能的重要性和水平评价有显著影响。进一步对比发现,工作满意度对于技能的重要性和水平评价的影响效应较大。该研究对多个职业的分析结果拓展了人们对工作分析结果影响因素的认识,并对未来工作分析研究和实践有重要的启示作用     

Gender-Based Measurement Invariance of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents

The aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ERQ-CA; Gullone and Taffe (Psychological Assessment, 24(2), 409–417, 2011)) across gender. A total of 1388 Chinese adolescents (48.1% males), ranging in age from 11 to 16 years (M = 12.9, SD = 1.09) were recruited from four Chinese middle schools and completed the ERQ-CA. The Cronbach’s α values, omega coefficients, and item-total correlations for the two subscales of the ERQ-CA indicated adequate internal consistency reliability. The results of confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed that all configural, metric, scalar, and partial strict invariance models provided acceptable fit to the data. The result of latent means analysis demonstrated statistically non-significant differences between boys and girls. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the ERQ-CA displays appropriate measurement invariance across gender for Chinese youth of ages 11 to 16.

     

Response to an intervening event reverses nonspatial repetition effects in 2AFC tasks: Nonspatial IOR?

The repetition effect in two-alternatiave forced choice (2AFC) tasks is a cornerstone effect in human cognition. Yet the experiments described here show that the customary benefit of repetition reverses to a cost of repetition when participants respond to an irrelevant event between targets. In Experiments 1A-1C, participants made manual 2AFC decisions to both of two consecutive targets on a trial and, on some trials, also made a manual response to an intervening event that appeared between the two targets. A repetition benefit was observed when no intervening event appeared, whereas a repetition cost was observed when a response was required to an intervening event. Experiment 2 ruled out a solely strategic interpretation of the repetition cost effect observed on intervening event trials. In Experiments 3A and 3B, an intervening event that required a simple vocal "go" response also produced a repetition cost. In Experiment 4, a repetition cost was observed when the intervening event was changed to a tone presented aurally. In Experiment 5, the repetition benefit was observed when a response was withheld to an intervening event. A dual-process interpretation of these results is discussed, with one process related to episodic integration, and the other related to processes that produce inhibition of return.     

Effects of display complexity on location and feature inhibition

Inhibition of return refers to the lengthening of reaction times (RTs) to a target when a preceding stimulus has occupied the same location in space. Recently, we observed a robust inhibitory effect for color and shape in moderately complex displays: It is more difficult to detect a target with a particular nonspatial attribute if a stimulus with the same attribute was recently the focus of attention. Such nonspatial inhibitory effects have not generally been found in simpler displays. In the present study, we test how location-based and nonspatial inhibitory effects vary as a function of display complexity (eight, six, four, and two locations). The results demonstrated that (1) location-based inhibition effects were much stronger in more complex displays, whereas the nonspatial inhibition was only slightly stronger in more complex displays; (2) nonspatial inhibitory effects emerged at longer stimulus onset asynchronies than did location-based effects; and (3) nonspatial inhibition appeared only when cues and targets occurred in the same locations, confirming that pure feature repetition does not produce a cost. Taken together, the results are consistent with perceptual processes based on object files that are organized by spatial location. Using somewhat more complex displays than are most commonly employed provides a more sensitive method for observing the role of inhibitory processes in facilitating visual search. In addition, using a relatively wide set of cue–target timing relationships is necessary in order to clearly see how inhibitory effects operate.     

最受尊重的敌人:毛泽东视野中的美国

在毛泽东对美国的分析当中,他一直以来最为关注的问题是如何估计美国对中国共产党及1949年10以后的中华人民共和国的生存和安全的影响。然而在1972的2月21日,理查德·尼克松——第一个踏上中国土地的美国总统,却开始了他称之为“改变世界的一周”。[1](P379)这也可能是200年来中美关系史中最有意义的日子。为了这一天,尼克松广泛阅读了有关中国的背景资料,听取了专家给予他的应对其中国对手的建议,甚至练习使用筷子。尽管如此,他还是觉得紧张,担心自己会受到羞辱,就像早年那些到中华帝国游历的西方人所遭遇的一样。[2](PP.557-558,P560)尼…     

可计算理论的现代发展及其应用会议报道(英文)

"The 2012 China-Germany Symposium on Modern Development in Computability Theory and Its Applications" was concerned with new developments in computability theory,and aimed at the cooperation of Chinese and German computation scientists.It was held in Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,China,during 17th to 22nd,September.During the symposium,scientists shared their recent works,     

网络游戏成瘾者认知功能损害的ERP研究

许多研究证明,网络成瘾具有和物质依赖成瘾相同的成瘾症状:不仅有明显的社会功能损害,而且表现出抑郁、强迫、焦虑等精神症状.本研究采用事件相关电位技术,以网络游戏成瘾大学生为被试,探索了网络游戏成瘾者脑认知功能的变化.结果发现:①成瘾者听觉P300的波幅显著低于非成瘾者,说明网络成瘾者可能存在认知功能的损害;②成瘾者听觉N1的波幅显著高于非成瘾者,提示成瘾者可能存在感觉功能的易化,或者受到感觉寻求人格特质的影响.