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排序方式: 共有275条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Sketching as a Technique to Eliciting Information and Cues to Deceit in Interpreter-Based Interviews
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Harkavy-Friedman JM Nelson EA Venarde DF Mann JJ 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2004,34(1):66-76
Understanding the relationship between depression and suicidal behavior among individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder can aid assessment and treatment. In this study, 86 individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were assessed for past and current suicidal behavior, depression, hopelessness, and reasons for living. Thirty-four percent reported a history of suicide attempts. Suicidal behavior typically occurred 4.5 years after the onset of psychosis and 7.5 years after the onset of the first major depressive episode for those who had a history of major depression. Depression was frequent among both attempters and non-attempters, but only half of the attempters reported a suicide attempt during an episode of major depression. And almost half of those with depression never made a suicide attempt despite a long history of illness. Although depression is a potential stressor for triggering suicidal behavior in a vulnerable subset of individuals with schizophrenia, schizophrenia research must identify other risk factors for suicidal behavior. Clinicians should remember that even without a depressive episode there is still a significant risk for suicidal behavior in schizophrenia. 相似文献
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Health messages framed to be congruent with individuals’ approach/avoidance motivations have been found to be more effective
in promoting health behaviors than health messages incongruent with approach/avoidance motivations. This study examines the
processes underlying this congruency effect. Participants (undergraduate students, N=67) completed a measure of approach/avoidance orientation (the BIS/BAS scales) and read either a gain- or loss-framed message
promoting dental flossing. Results demonstrated a congruency effect: Participants who read a congruently framed message had
greater flossing efficacy, intended to floss more, and used more dental flosses than did the participants who read an incongruent
message. Moreover, intention to perform the behavior predicted the congruency effect and self-efficacy mediated participants’
intentions to perform the health behavior. Discussion centers on the role of personality factors and situational factors in
models of behavior change.
相似文献
David K. ShermanEmail: |
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Friendship,Depression, and Suicide Attempts in Adults: Exploratory Analysis of a Longitudinal Follow‐Up Study 下载免费PDF全文
Julia E. Marver BA Hanga C. Galfalvy PhD Ainsley K. Burke PhD M. Elizabeth Sublette MD PhD Maria A. Oquendo MD J. John Mann MD Michael F. Grunebaum MD 《Suicide & life-threatening behavior》2017,47(6):660-671
Social support is thought to protect against the risk of suicidal behavior in young people and late life, but less is known about the role of friendship in adults. We explored the effect of friendship on suicide attempt risk during 1‐year follow‐up of 132 adults presenting with major depressive episode (MDE). Items from the Social Adjustment Scale–Self‐Report were used as an index of frequency and quality of recent friendship contacts. Survival methods tested associations of friendship with risk of suicide attempt, recurrent MDE, and related outcomes during follow‐up. Impaired friendship predicted greater risk of suicide attempt in an unadjusted Cox model. This association was stronger for quality (p = .009) than frequency (p = .081) of friendship contacts. In the adjusted model, the effect of friendship on suicide attempts was largely explained by self‐reported depression severity. Friendship has a potentially bidirectional relationship with depression, and its effect on suicidal behavior appears to occur through its relationship with depression. Future research should examine the effect of antidepressant treatment on friendship and be designed to test mediation models of relationships between friendship, depression, and suicidal behavior. 相似文献
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Ninety-nine police officers, not identified in previous research as belonging to groups that are superior in lie detection, attempted to detect truths and lies told by suspects during their videotaped police interviews. Accuracy rates were higher than those typically found in deception research and reached levels similar to those obtained by specialized lie detectors in previous research. Accuracy was positively correlated with perceived experience in interviewing suspects and with mentioning cues to detecting deceit that relate to a suspect's story. Accuracy was negatively correlated with popular stereotypical cues such as gaze aversion and fidgeting. As in previous research, accuracy and confidence were not significantly correlated, but the level of confidence was dependent on whether officers judged actual truths or actual lies and on the method by which confidence was measured. 相似文献