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891.
Peter Richard Harris 《European journal of social psychology》1984,14(2):169-181
Shyness is one of a class of psychological terms that have their roots in ordinary, everyday language. Accordingly, researchers are obliged either to base their definitions of shyness on a thoroughgoing analysis of the conditions prescribed socially for the use of the term and its derivatives, or to otherwise maintain a rigorous distinction between their use and the lay person's use of the term. Unfortunately, however, they have failed to do this. The consequences of this are outlined, including the doubtful practice of ‘Psychological Imperialism’, in which psychologists effectively superimpose their professional definitions of psychological constructs upon those developed by the lay person. The implications of this argument for the conduct of future research into shyness are discussed, and it is suggested that researchers dealing with like terms in other areas of psychology should also be alert to these dangers. 相似文献
892.
M J Harris R Milich E M Corbitt D W Hoover M Brady 《Journal of personality and social psychology》1992,63(1):41-50
The stigmatizing effects of negative expectancies were examined in observations of interactions between children with and without a behavior problem. Ss were 68 pairs of unacquainted boys in Grades 3-6. In each dyad, a normal boy was either told that his partner had a behavior problem or given no expectancy; this expectancy manipulation was crossed with the partner's actual diagnostic status with respect to hyperactivity. The perceivers' expectancy that their partner had a behavior problem as well as the actual diagnostic status of the target adversely affected the boys' interactions. Behavioral data suggest how the expectancies were communicated to the target. The processes underlying interpersonal expectancy effects and the ways in which a childhood stigma can act as a self-fulfilling prophecy are discussed. 相似文献
893.
Julius E. Heuscher M.D. 《American journal of psychoanalysis》1992,52(2):161-173
Donizetti's Don Pasquale and Beethoven's Fidelio are discussed in order to illustrate how two very different operas can illustrate the human quest for authenticity. Through their music and dramatic presentation they are able to convey experiential insights into profound philosophic and psychologic truths. Along with other experiential communications, such as myths, folklore, poetry, humor, and art, they can be especially helpful--not only but also--in psychotherapy, in providing access to potentials that ordinarily are sealed off, in enhancing the awareness of inauthentic attitudes, in facilitating the acceptance of seemingly paradoxical aspects of human existence, and in providing a deeper sense for life's meaningfulness. Music is invaluable in opening our soul to the story's thoughts, feelings, and commitments. 相似文献
894.
Judith Todd Jeanice L. McKinney Raymond Harris Ryan Chadderton Leslie Small 《Journal of multicultural counseling and development》1992,20(4):202-208
Attitudes toward interracial dating were investigated by surveying 400 individuals from an integrated community. As predicted, men were more positive than women, the young were more positive than the old, and Caucasian Americans were somewhat more positive than African Americans in their attitudes. 相似文献
895.
In this paper, we will present a case history of a disabled network which includes a multiproblem family and the social service agencies serving it. We will describe a five-step model for effective intervention into the entire system. Social service agents frequently become overwhelmed and therefore impotent in their attempts to help multiproblem families. In such cases, agents reflect the family's dysfunction by becoming dysfunctional themselves and their actions serve to increase the family's alienation from its community by reinforcing its stigmatized self-image. Our model focuses on building boundaries and creating hierarchies which encourage individuation within the family and empowers the network to effectively meet family needs. 相似文献
896.
A new, maximally efficient technique for measuring psychophysical thresholds (Pentland, 1980) has been implemented on the microcomputer. This PEST (parameter estimation by sequential testing) technique is the most efficient sequential parameter estimation technique possible, given that the form of the psychometric function is known. The technique is similar to but faster and more accurate than other staircase procedures and may be applied whenever staircase techniques are applicable. The “Best PEST” is easily implemented on the micro-computer; a BASIC program for the Apple II which does so is presented. The Best PEST is compared with other staircase procedures, including one recently implemented on a micro-computer (Corwin, Kintz, & Beaty, 1979). 相似文献
897.
898.
B Tuller J A Kelso K S Harris 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》1983,9(5):829-833
In an earlier article (Tuller, Kelso, & Harris, 1982a) we suggested that the timing of consonant-related muscle activity was constrained relative to the period between onsets of muscle activity for successive vowels. Here, we reexamine those data based on reservations posed by Barry (1983). Next, we present a kinematic study of articulation that extends and strongly supports our original observations. Finally, we very briefly survey some converging lines of evidence for a functionally significant vowel-to-vowel period in speech and how this may relate to the role of temporal invariance in motor skills in general. 相似文献
899.
William G. Harris Alexander A. Eschbach James H. Johnson 《Behavior research methods》1981,13(4):581-584
This paper describes the application of a microcomputer system as a mental health outpost. The outpost contains a psychological screening inventory, a relaxation training and educational session, and a consumer-satisfaction questionnaire. A study to assess the validity of the decision making algorithm of the mental health outpost is reported. The implications of an automated delivery system for first-level preventive and promotional mental health services are discussed. 相似文献
900.
Cook and Leviton (1980) recently discussed the merits and disadvantages of quantitative literature reviewing. They apparently view the method with favor, but they also noted that several shortcomings may result from the method itself. It is argued that these particular deficiencies are unrelated to the method, and instead are attributable to poor reviewer practices. These issues are examined in an effort to avert any undue hesitancy on the part of future reviewers to quantify their efforts. 相似文献