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181.
Sara Hunt Harper PhD Ruth A. Anderson PhD William T. Anderson EdD 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1993,15(2):169-178
This study investigates the difference between perceived everyday individual stress and levels of family health. Subjects completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES III), the Derogatis Stress Profile, and a personal data form. Quota sampling of 121 subjects was used to obtain 25 subjects in each of three groups: balanced, mid-range, and extreme family types. Individuals identified as members of mid-range families reported less overall stress than balanced or extreme family members. Significant differences appeared between the balanced and mid-range groups. Balanced individual family members reported slightly higher levels of stress than extreme family members. 相似文献
182.
Police officers and probationer constables rated 40 sets of circumstances as to how far each would influence them to prosecute or not prosecute a motorist stopped for speeding. The distribution of responses about the ipsative means exhibited an asymmetry, consistent with the maximum salience bias towards a negative proportion of 1/e (Tuohy and Stradling, 1987). This asymmetry occurred in both directions, differentiating between a minority group for whom ‘prosecute’ was the negative pole and a majority for whom ‘not prosecute’ was negative. These groups did not differ significantly on overall mean rating, but did so on the primary underlying factor (‘lack of deference’), where the former group was significantly more likely to prosecute. Significant differences were also found between probationer and experienced officers in their susceptibility to the bias, and in their distribution between the two groups. 相似文献
183.
Alexis J. Harper 《Deviant behavior》2017,38(12):1340-1351
Much of society deems pre-marital adolescent sexual activity to be deviant. Current research seeks to determine if losing one’s virginity has an impact on participation in delinquent acts. It is hypothesized that youth who are more socially bonded to conventional people and activities, with higher levels of self-control, will not have participated in sexual intercourse and will have lower rates of delinquency. Data from Add Health are analyzed. Results do not indicate a significant effect of virginal status on delinquency. However, various social bonds were found to differentially effect delinquency for virgins and non-virgins, which may be important to consider. 相似文献
184.
In June 2016, British voters took part in a referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union (EU). By a margin of 52% to 48%, they voted to leave. Studies have demonstrated that fixed demographic factors were the best predictors of voting intentions in either direction, or that “leave” voters were driven by perceived threats from immigration. In this paper, we examine the role of moral intuitions in referendum voting intentions. In Study 1 , demographic variables did not predict voting intentions after adding psychological variables to our statistical model. Instead, voting leave was predicted by political conservatism, social change insecurities, and placing moral importance on personal liberty. In contrast, only an adherence to the care foundation of morality predicted “remain” voting. These findings were also reflected in linguistic analyses of campaign materials and news items (Study 2 ). We discuss these data in relation to common discourses around the Brexit vote. 相似文献
185.
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among adults is characterized by inattentiveness and impulsivity. This article provides counselors with information about the etiology, assessment, and treatment of adult ADHD. The identification of the genetic and neurological features of ADHD has led to improvements in evaluation and treatment. Assessment of ADHD requires knowledge of the defining characteristics, subtypes, comorbid features, and functional aspects of ADHD. Effective treatments include both medical management and counseling to address psychosocial deficits. 相似文献
186.
Dean Harper 《Psychometrika》1972,37(1):53-59
A local independence latent structure model, which assumesm latent classes, requires a minimum of 2m-1 items for the solution of the 2m
2 latent parameters. If one adds 3 items to the test and if one assumes local dependence between pairs of items, thereby adding
additional latent parameters,
ij
, representing the association between itemsi andj, then it is possible to obtain estimates for all of the latent parameters: latent class frequencies latent probabilities, and measures of association between pairs of items. The solution consists of (1) forming (m + 1) × (m + 1) matrices of manifest data, which are singular, (2) solving for the
ij
in equations that result from the singularity of the data matrices, (3) correcting the manifest data by removing the contamination due to local dependence, and (4) estimating the remaining latent parameters from the corrected data, using methods outlined in earlier literature. 相似文献
187.
John Cromby David Harper Paula Reavey 《Journal of community & applied social psychology》2008,18(1):83-90
One of the limitations on developing more progressive applied psychology training is the teaching received by students at undergraduate level. In this study, we focus on the provision of teaching about mental health or its equivalents (e.g. abnormal psychology and clinical psychology) on UK undergraduate psychology programmes. Most students who go on to train as clinical psychologists will have received teaching on modules like these. A survey questionnaire was sent to 109 university departments which might offer a module in mental health mental health module and 348 individuals who might be involved in such modules. The majority of programmes responding offered a mental health module, which was available each year as an optional subject. A number of findings on the content and delivery of the modules are reported and a number of recommendations are made including more involvement from practitioners and service users. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
188.
Bridgette D. Harper Elizabeth A. Lemerise Sarah L. Caverly 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》2010,38(5):575-586
We investigated whether induced mood influenced the social information processing steps of goal clarification and response
decision in 480 1st–3rd graders, and in more selected groups of low accepted-aggressive (n = 39), average accepted-nonaggressive (n = 103), and high accepted-nonaggressive children (n = 68). Children participated in two sessions; in the first session peer assessments were administered. In the second session
children were randomly assigned to receive either a happy, angry, or neutral mood induction prior to participating in a social
cognitive interview assessing goals, outcome expectancies, and self efficacy for competent, hostile, and passive responses
in the context of ambiguous provocations. Results revealed that an angry mood increased focus on instrumental goals. Low accepted-aggressive
children were more susceptible to the effects of mood than were high accepted- and average-nonaggressive children. In addition,
children’s predominant goal orientation was related to children’s response decisions; children with predominantly instrumental
goals evaluated nonhostile responses to provocation more negatively and had higher self efficacy for hostile responses. Implications
and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
189.
Molly-Gloria Harper 《Deviant behavior》2019,40(1):29-39
As a result of the modern youth culture’s reliance on technology and instant communications, mainly through social media platforms, bullying has transitioned to the online domain where cyberbullying has emerged. Among youth, cyberbullying can be viewed as a type of tolerable deviancy where youth often do not question the deviant nature of their online behaviors. This research explores the creation of the scale of deviancy as developed through a qualitative popular film analysis where low-, moderate-, and high-level deviancy characterize various cyberbullying behaviors and captures the essence of the escalation of harm faced by cyber victim(s). 相似文献
190.
Sarangi S Bennert K Howell L Clarke A Harper P Gray J 《Journal of genetic counseling》2004,13(2):135-155
Genetic professionals and clients are likely to assign different meanings to the extended format of the counseling protocols for predictive testing. In order to facilitate informed, client-centered decisions about the possibility of predictive testing, counselors routinely use the question format to initiate what we call "reflective frames" that invite clients to discuss their feelings and encourage them to adopt introspective and self-reflective stances toward their own experience--spanning the past, the present, and the hypothetical future. We suggest that such initiations of reflective frames constitute a key element of counselors' nondirective stance, although the exact nature of their formulations can be complex and varied. Examining 24 Huntington's Disease (HD) clinic sessions involving 12 families in South Wales with the tools of discourse analysis, our focus in this paper is twofold: (i) to propose a classification of six types of reflective questions (e.g. nonspecific invites, awareness and anxiety, decision about testing, impact of result, dissemination, and other) and to examine their distribution across the various clinic appointments, and (ii) to investigate the scope of these questions in terms of temporal and social axes. We link our analysis to the current debate within the genetic counseling profession about the merits of reflection- versus information-focused counseling styles and the need to abide by professionally warranted and institutionally embedded counseling protocols. 相似文献