中国儒家传统金融伦理思想初探

本文试图探讨儒家的金融伦理思想。文章认为:儒家由人性自利的基础出发,强调金融合理的自然主义立场;由此进一步导出仁义为本的民本主义;智勇兼重的理性精神;礼让为先的合作精神等主要金融伦理原则。这些原则与诚信原则、互利互惠原则、节俭原则等一起构造了中国古代金融伦理体系。我们应该积极有效地从这些资源中吸取养料,在改造发展的原则下为建设适应社会主义市场经济制度的崭新的金融体系而努力。     

图像中的信仰与信仰中的图像——藏传佛教六道轮回图释义

宗教图像把经验与超验、真实与虚幻、欲望与禁忌等二元对立要素组织在同一观照过程中,并通过价值联想的方式构建一个经验事实。这种价值联想是对观视者自身在社会化过程中所习得经验的组织、提炼与整合。宗教图像把语言构造的教义理念的核心部分,物质化地凝固在一个有限的、可感知的局部空间中,让信众在知觉图像的过程中感受宗教,以直观生动的方式来引导和教化信众。而作为宗教信仰的象征符号,任何一个宗教图像都可能面对两种潜在的观众:信仰者和非信仰者。从非信仰者的角度审视宗教图像,人们依托的是自己特定的知识经验背景和以往世俗生活意义进行注解,寻找其宗教学线索和宗教艺术品的审美感受,而对于信仰者而言,每一个图像的知觉都试图唤起其内心的感验与参悟,即体验和拥有宗教。本文以藏传佛教六道轮回图为例,通过投射分析,说明宗教图像在两类不同观者内心唤起的不同心理释义过程,从一个侧面也反映出宗教图像教化功能的社会心理机制。     

儒道合作 共建和谐世界

春秋战国时期,是社会大变革,生产大发展的时期,也是中华文化辉煌灿烂的时期。这个时期涌现出了一批文化哲人,孔     

Rapid contact call-driven induction of NR2A and NR2B NMDA subunit mRNAs in the auditory thalamus of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)

In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to assess the effect of auditory stimulation with natural contact calls on expression of NR2A and NR2B NMDA subunit mRNAs in neurons of the thalamic auditory relay nucleus ovoidalis (Ov) of a vocal learning parrot species, the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). The results showed that both the core (Ov) and ventromedial shell subdivisions (Ovm) of ovoidalis contained neurons expressing NR2A and NR2B mRNA in no-stimulation control subjects and that the distributions of neurons expressing these subunit mRNAs were very similar in both the core and shell of Ov. Contact call stimulation (5, 30 and 180 min) resulted in substantial increases of 50-60% in the number of neurons expressing NR2A and NR2B mRNAs in both the core and shell. Staining intensity, as measured by the optical density of stained somata approximately doubled compared to controls for both NR2 subunits in the 5 and 30 min conditions, but declined from 30 to 180 min. In all conditions, the density, but not staining intensity, of neurons expressing NR2B exceeded NR2A expression. Furthermore, the density of neurons expressing both subunit mRNAs in call stimulation conditions was greater in the core than in the shell despite the fact that total neuronal density was approximately 20% higher in the shell. Previous experiments have shown that call stimulation is more effective at inducing expression of the immediate early gene zenk in the Ov shell than core; however the present results do not indicate that either NR2A or NR2B mRNA expression mediates this effect since neither subunit exhibits greater expression in Ovm. Ca(++) release is needed for immediate early gene expression, however and, notably, Ovm contains large numbers of neurons containing CGRP, a peptide which has been shown to increase cytosolic Ca(++) levels.     

Progressive age-related changes in the attentional blink paradigm

Previous studies on aging and attention typically examine group differences between younger and older adults, rather than seeing aging as a continuous process. Using correlational analyses, this study examined progressive changes in the magnitude of the attentional blink (AB) associated with aging. Increased age was found to be significantly associated with the ability to detect the second target (T2), whereby older age was correlated with the production of a longer and more pronounced AB; this supports the proposition that aging is associated with reduced inhibitory processes and selective attention. It was also found that AB performance somewhat improves between ages 18-39 years, but tends to decline from 40 years of age onward, providing an interesting and novel finding that AB effects may become more sensitive at this point in time. The AB task may prove useful in the assessment of selective attention in normal healthy adults, as well as changes associated with pathological aging.     

Sun and water: on a modulus-based measurement of happiness

Most happiness researchers use semantic differential or Likert scales to assess happiness. Such conventionally used scales are susceptible to scale renorming (interpretation of scales differently in different contexts) and can produce a specious relativism effect (e.g., rating a low-income person happier than a high-income person in situations where the low-income person is not happier). Building on related psychophysical measurements, the authors propose a simple, survey-friendly, modulus-based scale of happiness and show that it is less susceptible to specious relativism than conventional rating scales but can still catch genuine relativism (e.g., rating a low-income person to be happier than a high-income person in situations where the low-income person is indeed happier).     

Predictors of timed picture naming in Chinese

We report normative data collected from Mainland Chinese speakers for 232 objects taken from Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980). These data include adult ratings of concept familiarity, age of acquisition (AoA), printedword frequency, and word length (in syllables), as well as measures of rated visual complexity, image agreement, and name agreement. We then examined timed picture naming of these objects with native Chinese speakers in Beijing in two experiments using line drawings and colored pictures. In both experiments, the variables name agreement, rated concept familiarity, and AoA made significant independent contributions to naming latency in multiple regression analyses. We observed a correlation ofr=.85 between naming latency with line drawings and colored pictures and a reduced effect of image agreement on naming when colored pictures were presented. We discuss the implications of our findings for the study of lexical processing in Chinese. Normative data for 232 Chinese nouns may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive     

工作－家庭界面研究的新视角：工作家庭促进研究

工作家庭促进关注的是工作－家庭关系中的积极方面,指的是个体由于在某一社会系统（工作或者家庭）中的投入,而对另一系统（如家庭或者工作）的发展产生贡献的程度。文章首先探讨了工作家庭促进的理论源流、概念界定以及三个主要的研究方向;接下来介绍了基于系统论思想的促进发生机制模型;最后指出了今后两个首要的研究方向,即工作家庭促进测量工具的开发及其与相关变量的关系研究     

基于因子分析的创业策略之探索性研究

本研究采用二阶因子分析方法(CFA),对苏州、上海两地的各类型创业企业进行了探索性研究,借鉴国内外通用的创业策略维度,对于200多家苏州、上海两地企业的创业策略进行探索性因子分析。本文采用结构方程(SEM)"建模"的方法,采用LISREL8.7软件编程设计,最终得出中国背景下企业创业策略中包括竞争策略、创新策略、社区策略、服务策略、组织策略、政府策略以及发展策略7个维度。本研究结果对于创业型企业在制定创业策略时有重要意义。