北京中学生的消费价值观与消费行为

对北京青少年的消费价值观和消费行为进行了探索性研究 ,被试为 13～ 19岁中学、职高及技校在校各年级学生 4193人 (男 10 86人 ,女 2 387人 ) ,用自编的中学生消费问卷、青少年亲子关系问卷、个人主义 -集体主义量表进行集体施测。因素分析结果表明 ,消费价值观包含保持勤俭传统、追求现代生活和消费压力 3个因素 ,北京大多数中学生的消费价值观是倾向于保持勤俭传统 ,贫富差距和消费能力的差距对大多数中学生来说没有构成压力。因素分析结果将青少年的消费行为分为谨慎型、流行型、实际型和攀比型 4种消费行为类型 ,谨慎型消费是北京中学生消费行为的主流。消费价值观与消费行为之间有着特定的关系。根据消费社会化理论对影响青少年消费价值观和行为的因素进行了分析 ,结果表明家庭社会经济地位和亲子关系都对青少年的消费模式产生影响。     

An Application of MCDM in Water Resources Problems

In this paper a practical application of MCDM in water resources problems is presented. Based on a real project for Qinhuangdao water resources management sponsored by Qinhuangdao Municipality, we construct a set of models for inflow forecast, reservoir operations, water supply and allocation, and flood routing for system optimal operation and flood management. A stochastic dynamic programming (DP) model with a fuzzy criterion is proposed for monthly reservoir operations. A series of goal programming (GP) models is built for water supply and allocation on different planning and operating levels. The DP–GP models fulfil the optimal operation tasks of a water resources management decision support system (WRMDSS) for Qinhuangdao water resources management.     

论早期基督宗教的性爱伦理观

早期基督教是从犹太教中分离出来的,但是在对"灵与肉分离"的认识上,二者却明显不同.早期基督教的性爱观包括以下内容:人类的性爱是无罪的;不反对结婚,但最好是独身;牧师有独身的义务.初期基督教运动中围绕性爱伦理出现的混乱和逐渐统一的过程,反映了基督教的信仰与正统性爱之间孕育着不可调合的矛盾.     

国外工作倦怠观的理论探索

目前对工作倦怠的研究主要从社会——文化——历史、生态学、精神分析、行为主义、存在主义等视角来展开的,它们虽各有侧重,但概括来说,这些研究都把重心放在倦息发生的原因、各种症状及其过程的研究上,而对其发生的内在的生理、心理机制涉及甚少,在未来的研究中,应逐步加强这方面的探索。     

How Do Chinese Public Service Professional Trainees Attribute Responsibility to Victims and Perpetrators of Violence Against Women?

Two-hundred-and-twenty-five Chinese human service professional trainees (80 police trainees, 45 medical students, and 100 nursing students) participated in a study on responsibility attribution to violence against women (VAW). Results showed that compared to medical students and police trainees, nursing students had broader definitions of VAW, endorsed more liberal attitudes toward women, and perceived VAW as more prevalent and having more negative effects on the victims and society. Compared to police trainees, medical and nursing students assigned greater responsibility to VAW perpetrators. However, there was no group difference in the attribution of responsibility to VAW victims. Among the predictor variables for a low level of responsibility attribution to the victims, liberal attitude toward women was the only significant predictor. For a low level of responsibility attribution to the perpetrators, the most salient predictors were being police trainees and perceiving VAW as having little negative effects on the victims. Limitations and implications of the study will also be discussed.     

代数图式相似性对样例迁移中原理通达的影响

应用题深层抽象结构有几个不同层次,被试对概念图式的相似性更敏感,而不是方程结构,概念图式的相似性更容易引起原理的通达。学生掌握了代数图式对解题有很大的促进作用,较少受表面内容等因素的影响。该研究对代数应用题教学模式的改革提供了理论支持。     

基于时间投入——专注度双维核心模型的高中生学业勤奋度研究

为避免单维评估存在高估或者低估学生学业勤奋表现的不足,以学业勤奋度研究的"时间(行为)投入"和"专注度"两种取向为基础,提出了高中生学业勤奋度的时间(行为)投入—专注度双维核心模型,并考察386名高中生在该模型上的分布特点,进而检验其应用效果。结果表明:(1)以学业勤奋度的双维核心模型为基础,将学生分为四组,并且这四组学生在时间投入和专注度上的差异表现为:在时间投入上,高时间投入的两个组学生的时间投入水平较高,低时间投入两个组学生的时间投入水平较低;在专注度上的分布也是如此。这说明本研究的分组是有效的。(2)模型能够有效将高中生分组,其中高时间投入—低专注度组所占比例最大(30.4%),其次为低时间投入—低专注度组(28.6%),再次是低时间投入—高专注度组(23.6%),高时间投入—高专注度组所占比例最小(17.4%)。(3)模型在不同总体学业成绩和语文、数学、英语等单科成绩上的分组效应均显著,同时拥有高学习时间(行为)投入和高专注度的高中生具有最佳的总体和单科学业成绩。因此,学业勤奋度的学习时间(行为)投入—专注度模型具有良好的应用效果。     

基于网络与演化视角的集体球类项目团队共享心智模型

团队既是当今组织中的重要工作方式, 又是集体竞技的组织形式, 故成为众多学科关注的焦点。共享心智模型是团队成员共享的团队相关情境关键要素的有组织理解、知识心理表征或信念。近年来, 中国足、篮、排三大球集体陷入低谷, 输球又输人的状况屡见取端, 引发举国关注。振兴“三大球”成为建设体育强国必然要迈过的坎。研究提出从网络与演化视角出发, 以“三大球”为主要研究对象, 通过对主题专家的深度访谈与“三大球”标杆球队的进球(或得分)录像分析, 寻找“三大球”共享心智模型演化的共性与殊性, 并为后续研究提供素材与参数; 接着, 采用多重个案设计与追踪研究范式, 交叉检定与复现共享心智模型的演化理论与作用机制理论; 再次, 实证检验成员社会网络类型、结构与演化对共享心智模型与团队效能的影响; 最后, 运用Repast 软件对共享心智模型的形成与演化进行模拟, 以为预测与实时干预提供参考。     

群体认同对极端群体行为的影响：中介及调节效应的检验

采用问卷调查法,以上海三所高校的467名大学生为被试,检验群体认同对极端群体行为（为群体牺牲意愿）的影响及其内在心理机制。结果表明：（1）群体认同对为群体牺牲意愿有显著的预测作用;（2）积极情感和否认态度完全中介群体认同对为群体牺牲意愿的影响,且积极情感在群体认同和否认态度之间担当部分中介角色;（3）抗伤害信念在积极情感和为群体牺牲意愿之间起调节作用。     

Determination of the Classification Role of Person–Environment Fit Scale for Creativity in Workplace Context

This study examined the structure of the Chinese Person–Environment Fit Scale for Creativity (PEFSC) and its classification role. This scale evaluates creativity from the personal dimension, environmental dimension, and their fit. A total of 298 native Chinese employees (aged 17–50 years) from 59 organizations participated in this study. They completed the PEFSC, Creative Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed the acceptable goodness of fit of the two-factor correlated model of PEFSC. Positive and significant correlations were observed among person–environment fit creativity, creative self-efficacy, and perceived organizational support. Regression analysis indicated that creative self-efficacy and perceived organizational support exhibited differences in the personal and environmental dimensions. Analysis of variance and post-hoc tests showed that creative self-efficacy and perceived organizational support were higher in the group of individuals with high person–environment fit than in the misfit and low-fit groups. This study indicated that PEFSC can be used to measure person–environment fit for creativity effectively and classify highly creative individuals in the Chinese workplace context.