高中生感知教师支持与学习投入的关系:学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介作用

采用感知教师支持、学习投入、学业自我效能感和成就目标定向问卷对498名高中生进行问卷调查,探讨感知教师支持对学习投入的影响,以及学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介效应。结果显示：（1）感知教师支持能通过学业自我效能感间接预测高中生学习投入,感知教师支持可以通过掌握趋近、表现趋近、表现回避间接预测高中生学习投入;（2）学业自我效能感→掌握趋近、学业自我效能感→表现趋近、学业自我效能感→表现回避三者分别在感知教师支持与学习投入之间起链式中介作用,学业自我效能感→掌握回避的中介效应则不显著。上述结果表明,感知教师支持不仅能分别通过学业自我效能感、掌握趋近、表现趋近、表现回避预测高中生学习投入,还能通过学业自我效能感和成就目标定向的链式中介作用间接预测高中生学习投入。     

Need Satisfaction Supportive Game Features as Motivational Determinants: An Experimental Study of a Self-Determination Theory Guided Exergame

Empirical studies have validated that basic needs satisfaction supported by video game play predicts motivation and engagement outcomes. However, few studies specifically manipulated game features for each of the three basic needs specified in the self-determination theory (SDT) to examine how the game features impact players' need satisfaction and game experience. The current study employed an in-house developed exergame and manipulated the game features in a 2 (autonomy-supportive game features: on vs. off) × 2 (competence-supportive game features: on vs. off) experiment to predict need satisfaction, game enjoyment, motivation for future play, effort for gameplay, self-efficacy for exercise using the game, likelihood of game recommendation, and game rating. The manipulated game features led to the corresponding need satisfaction. Manipulated autonomy-supportive and competence-supportive game features had main effects on most motivation and engagement outcomes. Need satisfaction of autonomy and need satisfaction of competence were both found to be mediators for the relationships between the game features and the motivation and engagement outcomes. The findings add evidence to support the underlying mechanism postulated by SDT for media enjoyment and motivation as well as the emerging entertainment research conceptualizing enjoyment as need satisfaction. The findings also have practical implications for intervention effort that intends to capitalize the motivational pull of video games.     

中学生攻击性行为的注意偏向与冲动控制特征

通过注意偏向实验、BPAQ攻击问卷与Barratt冲动量表的施测,探讨中学生攻击性行为的注意偏向与冲动控制特征。研究结果发现,中学生攻击性行为及冲动控制性别差异不显著;低攻击性与高攻击性中学生表现出对攻击性刺激的注意偏向特征,在冲动控制上差异也极其显著;中学生攻击性行为与注意偏向、冲动控制总体上呈显著正相关;攻击词注意偏向与冲动控制对中学生攻击性行为具有显著预测作用。     

陌生的邻居:东正教之于中俄相互认知上的障碍性角色

在中俄战略协作伙伴关系的框架下,双方的确没有出现如中美或中国与欧盟之间那样的纷争和冲突,但也缺乏中美、中欧之间相互深刻影响对方的社会进程、经济发展和生活方式变革等积极成果。造成这种矛盾现象的因素固然复杂,但俄罗斯东正教作为远远超出宗教领域的巨大存在,影响着后苏联社会进程的每个方面,却不能被中俄战略协作伙伴关系所考虑,这在客观上必然影响俄中关系,应该是这种战略实施后果不很理想的重要原因。本文探讨两个问题:俄罗斯东正教之于后苏联的超常重要性,以及,中国对俄国的认知绕开东正教因素和无神论政策是不可能的。     

幻忆现象研究现状述评

幻忆(Déjà vu)是指任何对目前体验的一种不适宜的熟悉感, 并伴随着对过去体验的不确定感。年龄、梦、教育水平、旅行经历、生理状况和药物都会对幻忆产生造成影响。研究发现, 内侧颞叶和嗅内皮质与幻忆有着紧密的联系。目前主要通过知觉分离范式、情景再现范式、单成分元素交互作用范式、无辨别再认范式和催眠范式来研究幻忆现象。幻忆的研究仍然存在着若干问题, 这些问题需要进一步探讨。     

班级辅导对改善初中生乐观心理品质的实验研究

以《生活取向测量修订版》、《儿童解释风格问卷》、《中国中学生心理健康量表》为评估工具,从积极心理学和积极心理健康教育的理念出发,对实验班进行8周的班级辅导。结果表明:班级心理辅导能改善和培养初中生乐观心理品质。     

Sports spectator behavior: a test of the theory of planned behavior

The theory of planned behavior has been applied to sports and exercise behaviors. According to this theory, human intention to take action in a specific context is guided by three antecedents: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. Behavioral intention mediates the relationships between these three considerations and its ultimate performance. However, this theory has seldom been applied to the behaviors of spectators of sporting events. A sample of 269 volleyball spectators in Taiwan was studied to examine whether people's intention mediated their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward a given behavior, watching the 2010 Fédération Internationale de Volleyball World Grand Prix in Taipei. Regression analyses did not support behavioral intention as a mediator. This result is discussed in the context of planned behavior.     

琉球家族的宗教观与宗教生活——以祈愿文、结愿文为例

本文以家文书中祈愿文、结愿文为基本资料,分析琉球家族的宗教观和宗教生活。由于受到特殊的自然地理和历史文化的影响,琉球家族的宗教观是多神信仰,其中御岳、火神、祖灵、观音为其信仰的主体。琉球家族的宗教活动主要围绕着与现实生活密切相关的祈福禳灾而展开,具有浓厚的功利性色彩。琉球家族的宗教观和宗教活动,从一个侧面反映了琉球王国的宗教信仰。     

西方志愿者行为研究述评

志愿者行为是在组织背景下, 个体经过深思熟虑之后, 自愿对主动寻求帮助的对象实施的一种长期且无偿的帮助行为; 其形成和发展可以用功能理论、特质理论和多因素模型来解释。志愿者行为的测量工具主要有志愿功能量表、志愿精神问卷和志愿者行为问卷。研究者对人口统计学特征、人格变量、动机变量及组织因素等志愿者行为的前因变量及志愿者身心健康、社会收益等志愿者行为的结果变量的探讨比较深入, 但在概念明晰、理论整合、测量工具、取样探索等方面还有待进一步研究。     

《庄子》:从“道”到“无”的过渡

The first and foremost meaning of Tao in Laozi is the origin of Heaven and Earth, and the second is the root of the growth and development of myriad things. However, Laozi does not explicitly distinguish between these two meanings. It is Wang Bi in his commentaries of Laozi who converted the meaning of Tao as the origin to the foundation of things-as-they-are, and named such foundation Nothingness. He claimed that Nothingness is the foundation of myriad things. This transition of problem-consciousness and t...