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71.
Ruth Ayaß 《Human Studies》2017,40(4):519-542
This paper will discuss the correlation between the world of everyday life, finite provinces of meaning, and religion. To this end, the paper will start out by explaining Schutz’ considerations on “paramount reality” of the world of everyday life as well as the theory of “multiple realities” and “finite provinces of meaning”. Schutz’ considerations will then be elaborated upon and taken a step further in a discussion of the various ‘realnesses’ of the multiple realities. Special attention will be paid to a finite province of meaning only mentioned in passing by Schutz: religion. The paper will first analyze the special features of religion as a finite province of meaning and highlight the correlation it enters with the world of everyday life. Subsequently, hereafter and paradise conceptions will be described as “ultimate provinces of meaning,” and it will be shown how their realnesses connect to the world of everyday life. Finally, the “fundamental anxiety” will be studied as the motor of the relevance structures of the world of everyday life, the finite provinces of meaning as well as the hereafter conceptions. 相似文献
72.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Dipl.-Psych. Ulrich Lamparter Dr. med. Christa Holstein Jun.-Prof. Dr. phil. Malte Thießen Prof. Dr. Dorothee Wierling Dr. rer. nat. Dipl.-Psych. Silke Wiegand-Grefe Dr. phil. Dipl.-Psych. Birgit Möller 《Forum der Psychoanalyse》2010,26(4):365-387
Research on the long-term emotional impact of World War II experiences is an important psychoanalytical issue and requires an interdisciplinary approach. In the project: “Witnesses of the ‘Operation Gomorrha (Hamburg Firestorm)’ (1943) and their families” long-term processing of and coping with war experiences of former children and adolescents are investigated by historians and psychoanalysts. A sample of 64 witnesses (34 women, 30 men, average age 75 years) and their families was recruited and investigated by semi-structured interviews. The interviews were analyzed by methods of “renarrated and interpreted history of coping” and group analysis against the background of historical, psychological and cultural approaches. A total of nine prototypical cases give insight into different biographically determined representations of the “Firestorm” and the conjunction with socio-cultural processes. Analysis of coping over the life-time has to take life experiences after the war and during the time of rebuilding into account. The research project attracts much interest among the former “war”-children. 相似文献
73.
Katharina Kuba Gregor Weißflog Heide Götze Francisco García-Torres Anja Mehnert Peter Esser 《International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology》2019,19(2):97-106
Background/Objective: Cancer and its treatment can have a detrimental impact on psychological well-being. Acceptance as the basis of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has shown beneficial effects on depression and anxiety. However, its relationship to fatigue and cognitive impairment has not been investigated. A protective effect of acceptance may open up a new target for psychological intervention.Method: A cross-sectional postal survey was undertaken. 922 hematological cancer survivors (≥ 2.5 years post diagnosis) were recruited through two regional cancer registries in Germany. Acceptance (AAQ-II), fatigue (BFI) and subjective cognitive impairment (AFI) were assessed.Results: Higher levels of acceptance were negatively associated with fatigue and subjective cognitive impairment (R2= .34 and R2= .26, respectively). The relationship between fatigue and fatigue-related impairment of daily life was weaker for survivors with high acceptance.Conclusions: Acceptance is strongly associated with fatigue and subjective cognitive impairment. ACT may be useful to reduce symptoms of fatigue and subjective cognitive impairment in cancer survivors. 相似文献
74.
Bonnefon JF Eid M Vautier S Jmel S 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2008,61(5):809-824
A fine-grained dual-process approach to conditional reasoning is advocated: Responses to conditional syllogisms are reached through the operation of either one of two systems, each of which can rely on two different mechanisms. System1 relies either on pragmatic implicatures or on the retrieval of information from semantic memory; System2 operates first through inhibition of System1, then (but not always) through activation of analytical processes. It follows that reasoners will fall into one of four groups of increasing reasoning ability, each group being uniquely characterized by (a) the modal pattern of individual answers to blocks of affirming the consequent (AC), denying the antecedent (DA), and modus tollens (MT) syllogisms featuring the same conditional; and (b) the average rate of determinate answers to AC, DA, and MT. This account receives indirect support from the extant literature and direct support from a mixed Rasch model of responses given to 18 syllogisms by 486 adult reasoners. 相似文献
75.
Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Henning Saß 《Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie》2008,2(2):11-21
The category of “serious disturbance of consciousness” within the regulations for criminal responsibility has caused some uncertainty since is implementation in German Penal Law in 1975. It is applicable for those cases of “crimes of passion” where the mental functioning is heavily disturbed by massive affective arousal. A proposal for assessment and evaluation of such cases with a psychopathological approach is presented. The forensic-psychiatric examination contains 3 elements: (1) the formulation of the case in terms of biography, personality and special situation in the time before the criminal act, (2) a systematic analysis of the act according to two sets of specific criteria for such cases, (3) an evaluation of the state of consciousness by means of a “psychopathological reference system”, comparing all states of normal, abnormal and pathologically disturbed consciousness 相似文献
76.
Dipl.-Psych. Karla Beyer Louise Dye Jürgen Bengel Bernhard Strauß 《Psychotherapeut》2004,49(5):331-340
The article reviews current research in relation to two aspects of involuntary childlessness; firstly, the extent to which involuntary childlessness can be considered a critical life-event and secondly, the short-term effects of childlessness on life-satisfaction and well-being. A study is reported in which 68 middle-aged women (45 to 65 years) who are long term childless because of infertility, are investigated. The study focuses on the extent to which unfilled desire for a child has long term effects on well-being and life-satisfaction. The control group comprised 68 women who did not suffer from fertility problems and became pregnant spontaneously. Life-satisfaction and well-being were assessed using the life-satisfaction questionaire (FLZ; Fahrenberg et al. 2000) and the SCL-90-R (Symptome-Checklist, Derogatis, the German version of Franke 1995). The study shows clearly that psychological well-being is significantly lower in childless middle-aged women compared to women of the same mean age, who have a child. No significant differences were found in social well-being and health. The results support the view that unwanted childlessness may become a chronic stressor. Unintentionally childless middle-aged women do not constitute a clinical group whose need for psychotherapy is urgent. However, the development of specific counselling for women who fail to conceive and those who remain childless in the long term is recommended. 相似文献
77.
Ohne Zusammenfassung
Prof. Dr. med. M. Cierpka Universit?t Heidelberg, Abteilung für Psychosomatische Kooperationsforschung u. Familientherapie, Bergheimerstra?e 54, 69115
Heidelberg, E-Mail: Manfred_Cierpka@med.uni-heidelberg.de 相似文献
78.
Dr. Astrid Sonntag Heide Glaesmer Sven Barnow Elmar Brähler Jörg M. Fegert Steffen Fliegel Harald J. Freyberger Lutz Goldbeck Steffi Kohl Judith Lebiger-Vogel Marianne Leuzinger-Bohleber Felicitas Michels-Lucht Nina Spröber Ulrike Willutzki Bernhard Strauß 《Psychotherapeut》2009,54(6):427-436
Background
A survey was performed to assess the current situation in education and to identify critical issues 10 years after the inception of the German law regulating the education of psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists. The study reports the results of a nationwide survey of German psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists currently in training. The aim of the survey was to evaluate the individual sections of training, desired alterations and structural and financial conditions.Methods
All trainees were contacted via the training institutes and the umbrella organizations. A total of 3,223 trainees participated and answered questions mainly using an online questionnaire.Results
Most respondents practiced their training part-time and in most cases the trainees thought that the training would last longer than initially expected. The practical training was rated most poorly, whereas practical education and individual supervision were rated as most useful. The survey revealed deficits concerning the evaluation of the quality of several components of the training.Conclusions
From the perspective of the trainees there is a necessity to modify the financial conditions of the training. This result has been considered in the recommendations of a research expertise on psychotherapy training and should stimulate further research. 相似文献79.
80.
Hans-Martin Sass 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1988,9(3):287-297
Biomedical ethics in the FRG is still in an embryonic stage. The Hippocratic tradition of paternalism is still dominant, general debates on ‘Weltanschauungen’ have not yet been replaced by case-study methods and other means of resolving conflicts more effectively in pluralistic societies. Issues such as IVF and embryo research are predominantly treated in legal rather than in moral terms. Some new developments in moral assessment of prenatal care and care of the dying are reported. Allocational disputes over the future of welfare-state health care systems are likely to continue without any major moral or political decision being reached. 相似文献