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991.
David W. Coon Larry W. Thompson Dolores Gallagher-Thompson 《Cognitive and behavioral practice》2007,14(3):252-260
There is growing evidence that psychosocial treatments incorporating behavioral intervention strategies can be effective in the treatment of depression in older adults with cognitive impairment. However, less work with such cases has focused on the use of cognitive interventions in tandem with these behavioral intervention strategies. This case study describes how cognitive behavioral intervention strategies and related homework assignments were tailored and integrated to successfully treat depressive symptoms in an older African American diagnosed with probable Alzheimer’s disease. Examples of the homework strategies utilized are introduced by phase of treatment. We also discuss ways to overcome barriers to homework completion as well as methods to incorporate the client’s sociocultural context and personal history into homework. 相似文献
992.
Evan Thompson 《Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences》2007,6(1-2):137-170
This paper (1) sketches a phenomenological analysis of visual mental imagery; (2) applies this analysis to the mental imagery debate in cognitive science; (3) briefly sketches a neurophenomenological approach to mental imagery; and (4) compares the results of this discussion with Dennett’s heterophenomenology. 相似文献
993.
994.
We present five experiments and simulation studies to establish late analogical abstraction as a new psychological phenomenon: Schema abstraction from analogical examples can revive otherwise inert knowledge. We find that comparing two analogous examples of negotiations at recall time promotes retrieving analogical matches stored in memory—a notoriously elusive effect. Another innovation in this research is that we show parallel effects for real-life autobiographical memory (Experiments 1–3) and for a controlled memory set (Experiments 4 and 5). Simulation studies show that a unified model based on schema abstraction can capture backward (retrieval) effects as well as forward (transfer) effects. 相似文献
995.
Lance M. McCracken Miles Thompson 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(2):75-82
Methods of mindfulness are gaining increasing popularity within the behavioral and cognitive therapies and appear helpful
for a range of clinical problems. The purpose of this study was to examine cognitive and behavioral processes underlying mindfulness.
One hundred fifty patients seeking treatment for chronic pain completed a battery of questionnaires, including the 15-item
Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown and Ryan, J Pers Soc Psychol 84:822–848, 2003). Preliminary analyses supported reliability and validity of the MAAS for patients with chronic pain. A confirmatory factor
analysis provided incomplete support for a singe factor structure from the items of the MAAS. In turn, an exploratory factor
analysis yielded a four-factor solution: Acting with Awareness, Present Focus, Responsiveness, and Social Awareness. Correlation
and regression analyses indicated that the Acting with Awareness and Present Focus subscales were significantly related to
measures of patient emotional, physical, and social functioning. Further research that explores and validates models of mindfulness-based
processes is recommended. 相似文献
996.
Tara S. Behrend Becca A. Baker Lori Foster Thompson 《Journal of business and psychology》2009,24(3):341-350
Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a pro-environmental corporate message on prospective applicants’ attitudes
toward a fictitious hiring organization. Drawing from signaling theory, we hypothesized that an environmental message on the
organization’s recruitment website would increase prospective applicants’ perceptions of organizational prestige, which would
then increase job pursuit intentions. Personal environmental attitudes were also examined as a possible moderator.
Design/Methodology/Approach Participants (N = 183) viewed a web site printout that either did or did not contain a message indicating the organization’s environmental
support. Participants rated their attitudes toward the environment, perceptions of the organization, and job pursuit intentions.
Findings Findings demonstrated that the environmental support message positively affected job pursuit intentions; further, this effect
was mediated by perceptions of the organization’s reputation. Contrary to the person–organization fit perspective, the message’s
effects on job pursuit intentions were not contingent upon the participant’s own environmental stance.
Implications These findings highlight the importance of corporate social performance as a source of information for a variety of job seekers.
Even relatively small amounts of information regarding corporate social performance can positively affect an organization’s
reputation and recruitment efforts.
Originality/Value In general, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on corporate social responsibility. It is the first
study to test whether the effects of pro-environmental recruiting messages on job pursuit intentions depend upon an applicant’s
personal environmental stance. In addition, this is the first study to demonstrate reputation’s meditational role in the effects
of corporate social responsibility on recruitment efforts. 相似文献
997.
Subjective frequency and imageability estimates for a sample of 3,600 French nouns were collected from two independent groups
of 72 young adults each. Both groups received standard instructions and provided their ratings on a 7-point scale. The timing,
sequencing, presentation of lexical stimuli, and recording of responses were controlled by a computer. All estimates of internal
consistency and test—retest reliability (≥.98) confirm the high level of precision and reliability of the ratings. Correlations
with ratings drawn from similar studies were found to be positive and significant for subjective frequency (r ≥ .85) and for imageability (r ≥ .69). Subjective frequency was positively and significantly correlated with objective frequency
estimates drawn from 10 different sources (r ≥ .42). Subjective frequency and imageability were significantly correlated (r=.26), a relationship that was driven primarily by a sudden drop in imageability ratings for words with a subjective frequency
rating below 2.5. The methodological implications of these findings are discussed. The ratings can be downloaded as supplemental
materials from brm.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental. 相似文献
998.
Paula Y. Mullineaux Kirby Deater‐Deckard Stephen A. Petrill Lee A. Thompson 《Infant and child development》2009,18(2):133-148
This study examined potential non‐shared environmental processes in middle childhood by estimating statistical associations between monozygotic (MZ) twin differences in externalizing and internalizing problems and positive social engagement, and differential maternal positivity and negativity, over 1 year. Seventy‐seven pairs of identical twins participated (M=6.08‐years old, 65% male) in two annual home visits. Observers' ratings and maternal reports were gathered. At both assessments, the twin who showed more conduct problems (maternal report and observers' ratings) and less positive social engagement (positive affect, responsiveness) received more maternal negativity and less maternal warmth (self‐reports and observers' ratings), relative to his or her genetically identical co‐twin. The same patterns held over time, for the associations between change in differential MZ twin conduct problems and social engagement and change in differential maternal behaviour. Effects for child internalizing problems were not consistent within or across raters. Overall, these results indicated that differential maternal warmth and negativity—self‐perceived and observed by others—are important aspects of sibling differentiation for both problematic and adaptive behaviours during middle childhood. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
999.
Breast self-examinations (BSE) and skin self-examinations (SSE) represent cost-effective and time-efficient approaches to cancer detection. Given their utility, it is important to determine who is likely to perform these behaviors regularly and why. Because BSE and SSE require close examination of one's body, women who are less satisfied and less comfortable with their bodies may perform these behaviors less often. This study sought to determine if a relationship exists between body image and BSE and SSE behaviors and intentions. Ninety-three women completed measures assessing body image, past performance of and future intentions to perform BSE and SSE. Results indicated that body image was related to past performance of SSE. Having greater body-areas satisfaction and more favorable global evaluations of appearance were related to having performed SSE more frequently in the past year. Future research should further examine this relationship utilizing longitudinal designs and more diverse populations. 相似文献
1000.
Jeffrey N Weatherly Bradley J Thompson Marisa Hodny Ellen Meier Mark Dixon 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2009,42(4):895-900
In a simulated casino environment, 6 nonpathological women played concurrently available commercial slot machines programmed to pay out at different rates. Participants did not always demonstrate preferences for the higher paying machine. The data suggest that factors other than programmed or obtained rate of reinforcement may control gambling behavior, which should encourage behavior analysts to look beyond direct, contingency‐driven explanations of gambling. 相似文献