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71.
The effects of perceived effectiveness of university support services and general satisfaction with the educational experience on conflicting demands of work, family, and school were investigated in a study of 375 undergraduate and graduate students at an urban university. Results demonstrated a negative relationship between perceived effectiveness of support services and the degree of work-school role conflict experienced by participants. Furthermore, satisfaction with educational experience was negatively related to work-school conflict. No other significant effects were found. 相似文献
72.
This study investigated the impact of transcendent item phrasing (i.e., phrasing which assumes the respondent believes in certain sacred or supernatural concepts) on the validity of the U.S. Army’s Comprehensive Soldier Fitness (CSF) program’s spiritual fitness scale when administered to atheist military personnel, veterans, and civilians. Results indicated that the inclusion of transcendent phrasing led to reduced concurrent validity for the spiritual fitness scale when administered to atheist military personnel and veterans, reduced concurrent and predictive validity when administered to atheists’ but not Christians’ spiritual fitness. Notably, the removal of transcendent phrasing actually led to increased concurrent validity for Christian respondents. Taken together, these findings suggest the Revised scale, which is composed of items that do not rely on transcendent phrasing, produces better psychometric outcomes for both atheist and Christian respondents. Implications for the CSF program and the measurement of spiritual fitness are addressed. 相似文献
73.
This study was undertaken in order to determine if various cultural influences since the time of the 1970 Hammer study have significantly altered the view in our society today in regard to the disadvantage of the female role. The study involved asking 558 subjects to fill out a 1-page questionnaire that asked: 1) If you knew for sure that you could have only 1 child, would you prefer that child to be a boy or a girl? and 2) If it were possible for you to be reborn and you could have your choice, would you prefer to return as a male or as a female? Each question also asked for the respondent's reasons for responding as he or she did. In comparing the results of the 1970 study, what seems to be clear is that the perceived female role disadvantage appears to be significantly diminishing in our society, at least as far as most females are concerned. This is especially evident in unmarried college females, for whom there has been a rather dramatic change since 1970. In 1970, this group significantly preferred a male child, whereas in 1986 they significantly preferred a female child. The fact that these females significantly prefer to be reborn as a female rather than a male suggests that the perception by this group of the diminishing of the female role disadvantage is quite substantial. The results for the other groups are much less clear. The clear changes that have taken place since 1970 in regard to female role disadvantage lend more support to the Adlerian view over the Freudian view that such roles are more culturally than anatomically determined, and are therefore amenable to continuous change. 相似文献
74.
Richard S. Feldman Suzanne Salzinger Margaret Rosario Luz Alvarado Louis Caraballo Muriel Hammer 《Journal of abnormal child psychology》1995,23(3):317-334
Behavior ratings by parents, teachers, and classmates of physically abused fourth to sixth graders, identified from the New York City Maltreatment Register, and case-matched classroom controls, showed substantial concurrence among informants: Parents and teachers both rated significantly more behavioral disturbance in the abused children, and peers' ratings were significantly correlated with adults' ratings, especially those by teachers. Children's exposure to spouse or partner physical abuse, which had a substantial prevalence among both child-abusing and control families, reduced the difference in disturbance ratings between children who were themselves physically abused and those who were not. Overall, we conclude that physically abused children show pervasive behavioral disturbance, in that parents, teachers, and classmates all see higher levels of behavior problems and lower levels of socially desirable behavior in them compared to their nonmaltreated peers.This research was supported in part by research grant R01MH38814 and Clinical Research Center grant MH30906 from the National Institute of Mental Health. The authors thank the New York City Child Welfare Administration, especially Terry Weiss, for facilitating access to the Maltreatment Register; the NYC Board of Education for access to schools; and the many participating superintendents, principals, and teachers. Some preliminary data were presented as a poster at the Meetings of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, New York, 1989. 相似文献
75.
Coping with Missile Attack: Resources, Strategies, and Outcomes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT The coping process was examined in a group of Israeli subjects experiencing SCUD missile attacks during the Persian Gulf War. We were interested in examining the relationship of coping resources, optimism, perceived control, and coping strategies, to anxiety, to physical symptoms, and to cognitive functioning during a real crisis. Data were gathered via structured questionnaires in the midst of the Persian Gulf War (February 1991) on a sample of 261 adult respondents residing in northern Israel. Although people reported a mixture of palliative and active coping strategies, it was the use of palliative coping efforts that predicted greater anxiety and physical symptoms. Subjects with greater coping resources used more palliative and active coping strategies and had higher cognitive functioning. However, active coping did not predict any of the negative stress reactions (i.e., anxiety and physical symptoms). People who perceived being in control of the situation reported using less palliative coping and fewer symptoms. That active coping did not predict negative stress reactions may have been a function of the severity of the stressor, and the resultant high levels of anxiety that were engendered. Overall, these findings do point to a different coping process in a grave and ongoing disaster situation than that reported in reaction to more normal life events. 相似文献
76.
Niels Hammer 《亚洲哲学》1999,9(2):135-145
Volume 1. Hinayāna. Den tidlige indiske buddhisme. Volume 2. Mahāyāna. Den senere indiske buddhisme. Christian Lindtner, 1998, Copenhagen, Spektrum/Forum Publishers, Vol. 1: 228 pp., ISBN 87 7763 170 6; Vol. 2: 256 pp., ISBN 87 7763 174 9 相似文献
77.
The present study compared chronic procrastination tendencies claimed by “whitecollar” working adults (n = 141) with rates reported by Harriott and Ferrari ( 1996) of “blue-collar” working adults (n - 211). Participants completed reliable and valid measures of everyday procrastination tendencies (decisional, arousal, and
avoidant), and socio-demographic items at one of several public forums. Results showed no significant difference between classes
of working adults on age, gender, marital status, or the number of children, although “white-collar” workers claimed higher
levels of education than “blue-collar” workers. “White-collar” workers also reported significantly higher scores on all three
forms of chronic procrastination than “blue-collar” workers. It seems that professional employees report procrastination more
frequently than unskilled workers. Further research is needed to explore the causes and consequences associated with differences
in chronic procrastination by occupational group. 相似文献
78.
Dana L. Comstock Tonya R. Hammer Julie Strentzsch Kristi Cannon Jacqueline Parsons Gustavo Salazar II 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2008,86(3):279-287
Relational‐cultural theory (RCT) theorists advocate expanding the multicultural/social justice counseling competencies beyond the domains of self‐awareness, cultural knowledge, and culturally responsive helping skills. This article provides an overview of RCT and discusses how creating and participating in growth‐fostering relationships are essential dimensions of human development and psychological well‐being. Implications of this theoretical model for counseling practice are also addressed. 相似文献
79.
Taylor Hammer 《The Southern journal of philosophy》2007,45(1):57-77
This essay discusses the role of being and ontology in the work of Gilles Deleuze. Starting from an examination of Alain Badiou's ontology and theory of the event, I discuss the possible opposition of being and the event in Deleuze's work. Though famous for his discussions of the univocity of being, Deleuze does discuss the event as that which is not being. Deleuze's theory of the event is similar to that of Badiou in that he considers the event to be extra‐ontological. The essay closes by considering the differences between Deleuze and Badiou on the subject of the event. 相似文献
80.
In honeybees, Apis mellifera L., the proboscis extension reflex (PER) can be conditioned by associating an odor stimulus (CS) with a sucrose reward (US). As the neural structures involved in the detection and integration of CS and US are bilaterally symmetrical in the bee brain, we ask what respective role each brain side plays in the conditioning process. More specifically, the US normally used in conditioning experiments is the compound stimulation of the antennae (which triggers the PER) and of the proboscis (where bees lick the sucrose solution). Anatomically, the brain receives unilateral US input through each antenna, but bilateral input from the proboscis. By controlling each US component, we show that an antenna–US produces unilateral sensitization, whereas a proboscis–US or a compound–US induces bilateral sensitization. Bees can learn a unilateral odor CS with all three USs, but when a proboscis–US is used, new learning is inhibited on the contralateral side, owing to a possible US-preexposure effect. Furthermore, we show that the antenna–US induces both unilateral and bilateral reinforcement processes, whereas the proboscis–US produces only bilateral effects. Based on these data, we propose a functional model of the role of each brain side in processing lateralized CSs and USs in olfactory learning in honeybees. 相似文献