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Halina Szejnwald Brown 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》2007,19(4):26-43
This paper examines the transformation of environmental regulatory system in Poland during the 1990s. It is a case of institutional
transplantation from the past into the present: the place remained constant but the economic and political context rapidly
changed over time. Drawing on five case studies of privatized firms, a mailed questionnaire, and policy and institutional
analysis, it investigates how Poland developed an effective system for managing industrial pollution while also achieving
considerable socioeconomic progress.
One key lesson is that considerable and effective evolution of policies can take place during radical shifts in the political-economic
context, as long as certain conditions are fulfilled. These include a good “fit” between the approaches taken and the existing
modes of conducting societal transactions; wide sharing of certain values among the key societal actors; and continuity in
policies and institutions. It also appears that a broad support for the rule of law and due process are crucial. The case
of Poland also suggests that, while the developing countries do not necessarily need to reenact the evolution that has taken
place among the developed countries during the past three decades, neither can they expect to leapfrog from a highly polluting
“dirty” economy to a sustainable economy. The study also suggests that success in the first phase of regulatory system’s transformation—centered
around reducing pollution from the energy and manufacturing sectors—is not a predictor of its success in next phase, centered
around sustainability issues. The types of institutions, political circumstances, and national capabilities are different
for each phase.
Halina Szejnwald Brown is professor of environmental science and policy at Clark University. She currently works in the areas
of environmental policy, sociotechnical innovation for sustainability, and institutions for global governance. 相似文献
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Adam Anczyk Halina Grzymała-Moszczyńska Agnieszka Krzysztof-Świderska Jacek Prusak 《The International journal for the psychology of religion》2019,29(4):278-291
ABSTRACTThis article forms a contribution to the discussion on the “replication crisis” in psychology from the qualitative research perspective and qualitative-oriented psychology of religion. The main theme of our article is, how should we deal, as qualitative-oriented psychologists of religion, with the issue of replicability? The introductory part of the article concentrates on validity criteria within qualitative-oriented research, and why qualitative-oriented psychologists of religion should take them into consideration in their research projects. Next, a typology of approaches (Intuitive, Field, Pragmatic, Synthetic), toward replication within qualitative studies is presented. Alongside discussing the possible ways of making qualitative research more replicable, examples of good practices in that matter are discussed. Some takeaway tips for qualitative-oriented psychologists of religion, that are to be used in order to make their research more replicable, are presented in the concluding part. Promoting CAQDAS, developing clear research protocols and procedures, describing the cultural context of the research in detail and discussing methodological issues and barriers/limitations of the study in a separate section are one of the main ideas postulated in the article, that should be included in the future qualitative studies on religion (s). The article concludes with a plea of sorts, that qualitative-oriented researchers do need to pay more attention to methodological issues while designing a research project, keeping in mind that it can (and should) be replicated in the future. 相似文献
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