Entwicklung eines Curriculums für psychosomatische Grundversorgung in Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Long-term effects of lifestyle changes on well-being and cardiac variables among coronary heart disease patients

OBJECTIVE: To focus on psychological well-being in the Lifestyle Heart Trial (LHT), an intensive lifestyle intervention including diet, exercise, stress management, and group support that previously demonstrated maintenance of comprehensive lifestyle changes and reversal of coronary artery stenosis at 1 and 5 years. DESIGN AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The LHT was a randomized controlled trial using an invitational design. The authors compared psychological distress, anger, hostility, and perceived social support by group (intervention group, n = 28; control group, n = 20) and time (baseline, 1 year, 5 years) and examined the relationships of lifestyle changes to cardiac variables. RESULTS: Reductions in psychological distress and hostility in the experimental group (compared with controls) were observed after 1 year (p < .05). By 5 years, improvements in hostility tended to be maintained relative to the control group, but reductions in psychological distress were reported only by experimental patients with very high 5-year program adherence. Improvements in diet were related to weight reduction and decreases in percent diameter stenosis, and improvements in stress management were related to decreases in percent diameter stenosis at both follow-ups (all p < .05). CONCLUSION: These findings illustrate the importance of targeting multiple health behaviors in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease.     

The interaction of rate and complexity of stimulus on the performance of adult aphasic subjects.

A need for increased processing of auditory stimuli has been emphasized as a characteristic of aphasic patients. Clinical test performance of aphasics on tasks requiring various levels of communicative abilities was affected by rate of stimulus presentation. Stimuli were subtests of the Minnesota Test for Differential Diagnosis of Aphasia (MTDDA) presented at normal and slowed rates to aphasics grouped according to performance on the Porch Index of Communicative Abilities (PICA). Effect of rate on performance was influenced by severity of the disorder and complexity of the task required. Implications involve the clinician's attention to rate, presentation, and control of complexity of material.