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871.
H Reddemann G Schwesinger L Riethdorf 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1987,39(6):365-371
Intrathecal methotrexate-overdosage in the meningosis therapy leads to CNS damages dependent on dose. It was given a own case report and a literature review with clinical symptoms and the therapy in this complication. Neuropathologic findings included demyelinisation und necrosis of the white matter. 相似文献
872.
H Regel A Krause E Rühmling 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1987,39(4):216-223
An investigation into the diagnostic value of psychometric methods for the diagnosis of depressive states involved five psychometric questionnaires, one concentration test procedure, and one problem-solving approach to register cognitive processes. The data obtained for 80 depressive patients of varied aetiology were compared with those of sample of 80 neurotics without depressive aberration. Even univariate comparisons revealed statistically significant differences between the two samples. Multivariate methods (factor analysis, discriminative analysis) yielded more differentiated information. The "Scale for depression depth measurements" was found to be of particular diagnostic relevance; it was standardized for the time being. 相似文献
873.
H Zettler 《Psychiatrie, Neurologie, und medizinische Psychologie》1987,39(7):413-421
Slow paroxysmal EEG activity, also referred to as "subcortical signs", offers an indication of impaired subcortico-cortical functional interaction that may be set off as a result of intracranial processes of a wide range of localisation. For this reason, the occurrence of this EEG pattern should not be taken to indicate a primary localisation in the range of the medical subcortical structures, nor does its absence imply any improbability of extensive lesions in the region. Taking into consideration the form and frequency of the waves during paroxysms and their local distribution, even this aspecific pattern yields more information for the clinical diagnosis. In particular, generalised paroxysms from monomorphic delta waves are usually associated with an existing primary or secondary brain illness, and would suggest the need for further diagnostic clarification. In interpreting the slow-wave groups restricted to the temporal regions, frequently counted among the "subcortical signs", the wave frequency and the patient's age must be taken into account. In the second half of life they frequently occur unaccompanied by any pathological process. 相似文献
874.
875.
Mood effects on person-perception judgments 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
876.
In this study we investigated the immediate and continued impact on women of a major stressful event, the outcome of pregnancy, and the mitigating effect of self-esteem and intimacy with their spouse on their reactions. Few other studies have investigated initial reactions to crisis events. Ninety-nine Israeli women who experienced either normal delivery or pregnancy complications were interviewed at the time of the event and 3 months later. High self-esteem was found to limit feelings of depression at both times. Intimacy with spouse limited depression at the event, but not at follow-up. High self-esteem was seen as always being exploitable by women who possessed it, whereas the benefit of intimacy with spouse was seen as being dependent on situational demands and environmental constraints. Cross-cultural implications were presented. 相似文献
877.
Recipient's mood, relationship type, and helping 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
M S Clark R Ouellette M C Powell S Milberg 《Journal of personality and social psychology》1987,53(1):94-103
We conducted two studies to examine how a potential helper is affected by having a communal orientation toward a relationship with a potential recipient and by the potential recipient's sadness. We hypothesized that (a) having a communal orientation would increase helping and that (b) people high in communal orientation, but not others, would respond to a potential recipient's sadness by increasing helping. These hypotheses were tested in two studies. In Study 1, individual differences in communal orientation toward relationships were measured by using a new communal orientation scale reported for the first time in this article. In Study 2, manipulations were used to lead subjects to desire either a communal or an exchange relationship with another person. In both studies, subjects were exposed to a sad person or to a person in a neutral mood whom they were given a chance to help. As hypothesized, in both studies communally oriented subjects helped the other significantly more than did others. Also as hypothesized, in both studies communally oriented subjects but not others, increased helping in response to the other person's sadness although this effect reached statistical significance only in the second study. 相似文献
878.
W S Edell 《Journal of personality assessment》1987,51(1):23-41
Qualitative studies have noted that individuals with "borderline" psychopathology exhibit extreme thought disorder on unstructured tests, yet manifest relatively normal performance on more structured tests of cognitive performance. The present study provides empirical support for this clinical observation. Borderline syndrome patients, defined by DSM-III criteria for borderline personality disorder and/or schizotypal personality disorder, demonstrated significantly greater thought disorder on the Rorschach, as measured by Johnston and Holzman's (1979) Thought Disorder Index (TDI), than did nonpsychiatric controls and were indistinguishable from patients with schizophrenic disorder of relatively recent onset. Borderline patients did not differ from controls on a structured test of cognitive slippage. Further examination of the role of structure in the assessment and treatment of borderline syndrome disorders seems warranted. 相似文献
879.
The Threat Index and the Death Anxiety Scale were administered to 228 subjects. Based on the high/low criterion scores, 105 subjects were assigned to the following four groups: (a) high death threat/high death anxiety, (b) high death threat/low death anxiety, (c) low death threat/high death anxiety, and (d) low death threat/low death anxiety. During the experimental phase of the study, subjects viewed a filmstrip on death rituals in various cultures. A recall test was then administered. Results indicated no significant group differences on recall performance. Initial no-show rates for the second part of the experiment were observed in the four groups reflecting a significant negative relationship between death anxiety and initial no-show rates. The possibility of defensive responding on the Death Anxiety Scale was suggested. 相似文献
880.
W V Dube W J McIlvane H A Mackay L T Stoddard 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1987,47(2):159-175
In an arbitrary matching-to-sample procedure, two mentally retarded subjects learned conditional discriminations with two sets of stimuli. Each set included a spoken name (N1 or N2), an object (O1 or O2), and a printed symbol (S1 or S2). One subject selected conditionally (a) O1 upon N1, and O2 upon N2, and (b) S1 upon O1, and S2 upon O2. The other subject selected conditionally (a) S1 upon N1, and S2 upon N2, and (b) O1 upon S1, and O2 upon S2. For both subjects, selections of O1 and S1 produced one type of food, F1; selections of O2 and S2 produced a different type of food, F2. Both subjects also learned identity-matching performances, selecting O1, O2, S1, S2, F1, and F2 conditionally upon those stimuli as samples; F1 followed selections of O1, S1, and F1; F2 followed selections of O2, S2, and F2. Matching performances consistent with stimulus class formation involving the names, objects, symbols, and foods were demonstrated on probe trials, even though these performances had not been taught explicitly. Next, new objects, X1 and X2, were presented on identity-matching trials, producing F1 and F2, respectively. Without further training, X1 was selected conditionally upon N1, S1, and O1, and X2 was selected upon N2, S2, and O2. When the contingencies were changed so that selections of X1 and X2 were now followed by F2 and F1, respectively, X2 was selected conditionally upon N1, S1, and O1, and X1 was selected upon N2, S2, and O2. Class membership of X1 and X2 had apparently changed. This study provides evidence that reinforcers may become members of stimulus classes, and that new stimuli may become class members through relations with reinforcers. 相似文献