Detecting Curvilinear Relationships: A Comparison of Scoring Approaches Based on Different Item Response Models

There is a growing use of noncognitive assessments around the world, and recent research has posited an ideal point response process underlying such measures. A critical issue is whether the typical use of dominance approaches (e.g., average scores, factor analysis, and the Samejima's graded response model) in scoring such measures is adequate. This study examined the performance of an ideal point scoring approach (e.g., the generalized graded unfolding model) as compared to the typical dominance scoring approaches in detecting curvilinear relationships between scored trait and external variable. Simulation results showed that when data followed the ideal point model, the ideal point approach generally exhibited more power and provided more accurate estimates of curvilinear effects than the dominance approaches. No substantial difference was found between ideal point and dominance scoring approaches in terms of Type I error rate and bias across different sample sizes and scale lengths, although skewness in the distribution of trait and external variable can potentially reduce statistical power. For dominance data, the ideal point scoring approach exhibited convergence problems in most conditions and failed to perform as well as the dominance scoring approaches. Practical implications for scoring responses to Likert-type surveys to examine curvilinear effects are discussed.     

Self-Efficacy and Problem Behaviors of School Bully Victims: Evidence from Rural China

Although the preventive role of self-efficacy for school bully has been well established, less is known as with the association between self-efficacy and problem behaviors adoption among children who are already school bully victims. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the clustered nature of problem behaviors among school bully victims and tested problem behavior clusters’ association with self-efficacy using latent class analysis and multinomial logistic regression. Participants included 262 Chinese rural students who were recognized as being regularly bullied while without bullying behaviors in school in the past 3 months (60.1% male, age range 12–16). We found that the victims could be categorized into three different groups according to their problem behaviors pattern, namely the “externalizing and internalizing behaviors” group, the “internalizing behaviors” group, and the “less-affected” group. After controlling for the covariates (i.e., gender, age, living arrangement, and relationship quality with father and mother), we found that higher self-efficacy indicated higher probability of falling into the group with relatively less negative influence from school bullying. We also found that gender, living arrangement, and relationship quality with mother were associated with bully victims’ problem behaviors pattern. The comorbidity between and within childhood externalizing and internalizing behaviors and self-efficacy’s association with different problem behavior patterns were discussed. The future research should test the causality between self-efficacy and problem behaviors of bully victims, as well as the effectiveness of self-efficacy enhancement intervention for victims adopting different problem behavior patterns.     

Configuration of Parent-Reported and Adolescent-Perceived Career-Related Parenting Practice and Adolescents’ Career Development: A Person-Centered,Longitudinal Analysis of Chinese Parent–Adolescent Dyads

Journal of Child and Family Studies - Adolescents’ career development is associated with various contextual factors, among which career-related parenting practice is particularly important....     

大学生的自我构念与动机定向关系研究

该研究采用自我构念(SCS)量表和工作(学习)动机定向量表对432名大学生进行调查,探讨了中国大学生自我构念与动机定向的关系。结果表明:1)大学生自我构念与动机定向各维度有密切相关;典型相关发现自我构念各维度通过三个典型因素解释动机定向变异的13.2%;2)不同自我构念类型大学生的动机定向存在显著差异,二元型自我构念大学生的总体动机水平最高,边缘型自我构念大学生的总体动机水平最低;独立型自我构念大学生的关注人际竞争和追求回报动机水平显著高于依赖型自我构念大学生,而选择简单任务及关注他人评价动机水平显著低于依赖型自我构念大学生。     

企业网络的治理机制研究——基于非正式制度的视角

企业网络的治理机制是保证网络间企业有序运作的前提。和科层组织的治理机制不同,企业网络的治理主要是靠非正式机制,即所谓的网络机制。本文从关系性嵌入、专用性投资以及联合制裁三个方面对此问题进行了阐释。本文的结论是,企业网络中特有的治理机制是导致企业网络竞争优势的一个重要原因。     

论邓小平稳定周边的战略思想与中国的亚太战略

党的十一届三中全会以后,邓小平一方面继承了毛泽东,周恩来等党的第一代领导集体的睦邻外交思想,另一方面又根据国际形势与时代主题的变化和我国周边安全环境新特点,提出了稳定周边的战略思想。邓小平稳定周边的战略思想的主要内容是:睦邻友好、争取良好的周边环境是我国现代化建设的迫切需要;中印两国没有根本的利害冲突,双方合作的前景十分广阔;不管苏联怎么变化,我们都要同它从容地发展关系;中日两国要永远友好下去,这是中国的长期国策;以“搁置主权,共同开发”解决领土争端,促进中国与周边邻国的友好合作关系;以“一国两制”解决历史遗留问题,维护地区和平。在邓小平稳定周边的战略思想的指导下,中国积极推行成功的亚太战略,取得了丰硕成果,从而为我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设创造了良好的周边外部环境。     

从墓志看唐代处士阶层信仰格局

本文对唐墓志里的“士”进行分类说明,并侧重考察了224位处士的信仰情况,提出唐代处士阶层的信仰格局:其一,总体上是儒道并举、佛教补充格局。其二,属于官员子弟的处士约占总数三分之二,他们以儒家思想信仰为最;属于在野子弟的处士约占总数三分之一,他们以信仰道家思想成分为最。其三,政治性越强地区,处士越集中,思想信仰也越复杂。     

天后信仰在天津之变化及衰落原因再分析

兴盛于东南沿海尤其闽台地区的天后信仰,六百年前因封建国家经济行为的需要传播天津.然而随着历史发展,天津天后信仰于内容及性质上出现明显变异,又在近代社会环境动荡冲击下,显现出与闽台信仰的生命力差距,文章旨在对这些现象及原因进行深入探讨.     

试论现代法制环境下的行政调解

现代法制环境下行政调解仍然具有强大的吸引力。在中国由于行政调解具有强烈的公权力干预色彩,因此很容易导致非自愿与“廉价正义”。现代法制环境下的行政调解,必须发挥行政机关管理与救济的功能,正视行政机关在处理纠纷中的地位,通过促成纠纷各方合意的形成,达成彻底解决争端的目的。