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281.
Richmond H. Thomason 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2011,40(1):1-14
The psychological orientation treats semantics as a matter of idealized computation over symbolic structures, and semantic relations like denotation as relations between linguistic expressions and these structures. I argue that results similar to Gödel’s incompleteness theorems and Tarski’s theorem on truth create foundational difficulties for this view of semantics. 相似文献
282.
Renata Wassermann 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2011,40(2):271-294
The AGM theory of belief revision provides a formal framework to represent the dynamics of epistemic states. In this framework,
the beliefs of the agent are usually represented as logical formulas while the change operations are constrained by rationality
postulates. In the original proposal, the logic underlying the reasoning was supposed to be supraclassical, among other properties.
In this paper, we present some of the existing work in adapting the AGM theory for non-classical logics and discuss their
interconnections and what is still missing for each approach. 相似文献
283.
Marcus Kracht 《Journal of Philosophical Logic》2011,40(3):397-420
The transition from form to meaning is not neatly layered: there is no point where form ends and content sets in. Rather,
there is an almost continuous process that converts form into meaning. That process cannot always take a straight line. Very
often we hit barriers in our mind, due to the inability to understand the exact content of the sentence just heard. The standard
division between formula and interpretation (or value) should therefore be given up when talking about the process of understanding.
Interestingly, when we do this it turns out that there are ‘easy’ formulae, those we can understand without further help, and ‘difficult’ ones, which we cannot. 相似文献
284.
The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship of spirituality and older adulthood, especially focusing on factors
that may result in an increased spirituality among the elderly. Older adulthood, as the accumulation of insight gleaned from
difficult lessons learned through life, offers the opportunity to embrace human finitude, to recognize life’s continuity and
to grow in clarity about God and God’s presence. Wisdom gained through the experiences of vulnerability and transition serves
as a resource to self and others. This article draws on the reflections of William M. Clements, Ph.D., Edna and Lowell Craig
Professor of Pastoral Care and Counseling at the Claremont School of Theology. 相似文献
285.
Michael S. Koppel 《Pastoral Psychology》2011,60(1):107-115
Honoring the scholarship and teaching of Professor William M. Clements, this critically reflective essay expands the possibilities
for a ministry of presence. The paper argues that animals can be helpful companions in care with elderly adults. The author
draws from experiential stories, object relations theory, process theology, and empirical studies, to argue the beneficial
aspects of animal assistants for human care receivers and caregivers. A creation-inclusive relational theology informs strategies
for care. 相似文献
286.
Ryan Williams LaMothe 《Pastoral Psychology》2011,60(4):537-549
In this article, I explore political humiliation and its relation to conversion, as seen in the autobiographies of Malcolm
X and Martin Luther King. In brief, I argue that before and during the time that Martin Luther King and Malcolm X lived, political
structures, laws, policies, and programs gave rise to and supported social behaviors and communications of the dominant group
that were aimed at humiliating a subjugated, marginalized group—African-Americans. These experiences of political humiliation
served to motivate Malcolm X and Martin Luther King to make changes in their religious commitments and attitudes. I argue
further that their conversions, while different in a number of ways, cannot simply be understood as religious acts. Rather,
their conversions represent political-religious acts that involved a turning away from the individual and social political
subjugation to acts of political resistance against the pervasive barrage of humiliations at the hands of whites. Their political-religious
acts of resistance also included a redemptive telos, which was a quest for a present and future political, social, and religious
realization of human dignity and freedom. 相似文献
287.
Ryan Williams LaMothe 《Pastoral Psychology》2011,60(4):523-536
In this article, I offer a way of thinking about the interplay of political and religious subjectivities in persons’ conversion
experiences or faith journeys. More particularly, I contend that a person’s political and religious experiences interact such
that political experiences and ideas shape the person’s religious values and beliefs, and vice versa. Malcolm X’s story is
used to illustrate this interplay of subjectivities vis-à-vis the varied changes or conversions in his life. The major point
here is that the richness and depth of change in Malcolm X’s life (and other figures) are better grasped when we take into
account the dynamic intersection of the political and religious. 相似文献
288.
The results of a survey conducted in 1988 on the traditional deadly sins and the schedule of virtues formulated by Erik H.
Erikson were previously reported by Capps (Pastoral Psychology 37:229–253, 1989). The results of a second survey conducted in 1998 were reported by Capps and Cole (Pastoral Psychology 48:359–376, 2000). This article reports on a third survey conducted in 2008–2009. All three surveys employed a research instrument constructed
by Capps titled Life Attitudes Inventory. Major findings of the third survey are that lust and melancholy are considered the deadliest of the deadly sins, with anger
rounding out the top three. Envy is thought to be the least deadly sin. The sins most personally struggled with are pride,
envy, and apathy, with both genders accounting for the high ranking of pride, women for envy, and men for apathy. Men’s and
women’s views whether individual sins are more characteristic of men or of women were also reported, with greed especially
ascribed to men and envy to women. Similarities and differences between young, middle and mature adults’ views on and experiences
of the deadly sins are reported, as are comparisons between the members of two Christian denominations (Presbyterians and
Methodists). 相似文献
289.
Richard K. Payne 《Pastoral Psychology》2011,60(6):883-892
This essay explores five aspects of Mark Graves’ work that relate to Buddhist psychological theories. These five are consciousness
as a stream, ineffability, the true self/false self dichotomy, hierarchy, and Graves’ conception of the soul as process. More
than similarities and differences, the essay suggests to productive points of interaction. 相似文献
290.
The current investigation evaluated psychological and personality profiles of applicants to the diaconate and priesthood for several Episcopal dioceses. Applicants included both genders and their ages ranged from 29 to 67 years. A psychological testing battery including the MMPI-2, 16PF, and MCMI-III was administered to 42 applicants between 2008 and 2009 who subsequently entered the diaconate or priestly formation program in the Episcopal Church. Results indicate that these applicants were generally well-adjusted. Findings also suggest some tendency for defensiveness, repression, naïveté, and a strong need for affection, as well as for being emotionally stable, intelligent, trusting, and open to change. Finally, results suggest elevations on histrionic, narcissistic, and compulsive measures. 相似文献