西方认知神经科学视域下的佛教禅修

禅修与正念日益成为西方学术界认知神经科学领域的研究热点,其多数重要发现都是以重视禅修实践的佛教僧侣为研究对象。本文首先从人物传记和社会风潮两个视角,勾勒佛教如何进入科学家的研究视野,之后阐述该领域开创性的实验,最终认为二者的结合,不仅是开创了一个新的研究领域,并且将促进对人类意识的科学研究。     

时尚的祛魅——时尚、现代性与消费的当代合谋的解读

时尚不仅仅是一种物质样式,更是一种行为方式、一种文化形式。从这个角度上说,所有的时尚在现代几乎都达到了某种文化的创意,都试图达到超越现象的心理满足。从传统向现代转型的中国这个大背景看,人们的生活方式、消费观念、审美体验等都发生了深刻的变化。“从日常生活到深层心理,从衣食住行到文化娱乐,短短十几年的工夫,中国人的生活趣味竟发生了翻天覆地的变化。西装、流行歌曲、发型、首饰,成了中国人形影相随的必需品”,“审美趣味与人性需求的变化,几乎发生在当代的生存形式和生活实践的所有领域和方面,并产生了新的趋向和特点”。这…     

The Influence of Unrestricted Information Exchange on Willingness to Share Information With Outsiders

This study addressed how engaging in different forms of information exchange within a group is related to group members' willingness to share risk information with outsiders. Drawing from social exchange theories, we focused on 3 unrestricted forms of information exchange: pure‐generalized, group‐generalized, and productive. We hypothesized that individuals' intentions to share information with outsiders would be associated positively with engagement in pure or group‐generalized exchanges and negatively with productive exchange. The hypotheses were supported with data from a national survey of U.S. growers (N = 452) that examined their information‐sharing behaviors with other parties inside and outside their local region. The findings have broad implications for understanding information sharing within and across groups.     

The moderating role of interviewer's regulatory focus in the effectiveness of impression management tactics: Regulatory fit as a source of subjective value

Based on the recently explored regulatory fit effect in social contexts, the present research is the first to investigate the interaction between interviewer's regulatory focus and interviewee's impression management (IM) tactics. We hypothesized that assertive and defensive IM tactics would fit with interviewer's promotion and prevention focus, respectively, and that interviewer's experience of this regulatory fit would lead to enhanced interview evaluation. We conducted four studies in which the participants were asked to rate an interviewee after reading a list of the interviewee's IM-related behaviours or watching a videotaped interview. Additionally, the participant's regulatory focus was operationalized as both an induced situational state and a measured chronic trait. The results supported our hypotheses by showing a significant interaction of the interviewer's regulatory focus and the IM tactics on interview evaluation: the promotion-assertive and the prevention-defensive ratings were more positive than the prevention-assertive and the promotion-defensive ratings. Moreover, mediation analysis revealed that the interaction exerts its effects on interview evaluation by providing interviewers with an intrapersonal regulatory fit experience.     

Individual Participation in Organizational Information Commons

This research extended earlier public goods research on individual incentives to use an organizational information commons that was based in Marwell and Oliver's (1993) collective action model. A revised theoretical model that incorporated team‐level social influence and technology‐specific competence was proposed. The model was tested using online survey data from 150 individuals in 13 work groups across 5 organizations. The research demonstrated that perceived team member behavior and technology‐specific competence were positively related to individual use of intranets, over and above the collective level influences modeled in earlier research. These findings supported a more “socialized” model of individuals' motivations to participate in organizational information sharing via collective repositories and suggested that management could boost levels of intranet usage through group level social influence and technology‐specific training.