对膝下段股-腘动脉人工血管移植术后患者疗效影响的比较分析

观察苏合香丸对膝下段股-腘动脉人工血管移植术后患者疗效的影响.共34例患者,随机分为苏合香丸组及对照组,两组均采用常规术后处理,苏合香丸组加用苏合香丸口服.观察术后第1、2年的疗效评价、踝/肱指数及彩超检查通畅率.两组患者术后第1、2年总有效率中药组较对照组均明显提高(P<0.05),中药组ABI显著高于对照组(P<0.05);术后2年中药组人工血管通畅率(58.82%)较对照组(31.25%)显著提高(P<0.05).应用苏合香丸对降低手术并发症、稳定踝/肱指数、提高人工血管通畅率.     

Emotional reactions to scandals: When does moral character make a difference?

A scandal can evoke public outrage when it is widely publicized and involves an individual who is perceived to have a high level of cultural representativeness. Two experiments showed that when the scandalous target's moral character was highlighted, emotional responses towards the target were least negative when the scandal was widely circulated and when the target was seen as a representative of his culture. These results suggest that when a cultural symbol is implicated in a widely‐circulated scandal, the negative emotions directed towards the scandalous individual can be alleviated when the public remains confident in his or her commitment to morality.     

An overview of applied robust methods

Data in social sciences are typically non-normally distributed and characterized by heavy tails. However, most widely used methods in social sciences are still based on the analyses of sample means and sample covariances. While these conventional methods continue to be used to address new substantive issues, conclusions reached can be inaccurate or misleading. Although there is no ‘best method’ in practice, robust methods that consider the distribution of the data can perform substantially better than the conventional methods. This article gives an overview of robust procedures, emphasizing a few that have been repeatedly shown to work well for models that are widely used in social and behavioural sciences. Real data examples show how to use the robust methods for latent variable models and for moderated mediation analysis when a regression model contains categorical covariates and product terms. Results and logical analyses indicate that robust methods yield more efficient parameter estimates, more reliable model evaluation, more reliable model/data diagnostics, and more trustworthy conclusions when conducting replication studies. R and SAS programs are provided for routine applications of the recommended robust method.     

Parental Marital Conflict and Growth in Adolescents’ Externalizing Problems: the Role of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia

Previous studies have examined the moderating effect of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) on the association between marital conflict and externalizing problems, however the findings were inconsistent. One possible reason is that the covariation of internalizing problems in externalizing problems. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine this issue. Participants were 332 Chinese adolescents (54.5% boys) age from 13 to 15 years old. At T1, electrocardiogram monitoring was performed on adolescents during the resting state and stressor tasks (a speech task and a mental arithmetic task) to obtain RSA data. The Chinese version of the Achenbach Youth Self-Report-2001 (YSR-2001) and the Chinese version of the Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict scale were used to assess adolescents’ externalizing and internalizing problems and their perception of marital conflict, respectively. Adolescents’ problem behaviors were assessed again in the second and third waves of data collection, with a 1-year lag among each wave. The results revealed that the 3- interactions of marital conflict × RSA reactivity in speech task × sex significantly predicted the trajectory of externalizing problems when controlling for internalizing problems from externalizing problems. Specifically, girls with greater RSA suppression to the speech task reported low and stable externalizing problems, however, boys with the same pattern were associated with slightly increased levels of externalizing problems. While, RSA augmentation to the speech task predicted the increase in externalizing problems among both girls and boys in high marital conflict families over time. However, this interaction effects were not significant when not partial out internalizing problems from externalizing problems. The findings highlight the importance of controlling for the covariation of internalizing problems when examining the interaction effects of person and environment on the development of adolescents’ externalizing problems.

     

论印光大师净土佛法的美学意蕴

<正>印光大师(1862-1940),终生弘扬净土法门,自行化他,晚年指导兴建了苏州灵岩山寺,使之成为十方专修净土道场,且大力主持创办弘化社,刻印流通广大善书,使之成为佛教公益事业典范。从中国佛教史而论,他被尊为中国佛教净土宗第十三祖,为净土宗集大成者。同处民国佛教界,他又同虚云和尚、弘一大师、太虚大师并称民国四大高僧。净土因弥陀净土信仰及称名念佛的修行法门,普利三根,修行简捷,在民间赢得了广大信众,成为了中国佛教最有影响力的一支宗派。印光大师作为净土宗祖师,打破了学术界佛教思想与人生实践的形迹剥离,佛学即佛法,以     

学生对教学调节策略的公平知觉

以141名中小学生为被试,采用访谈法和问卷法研究学生对教学调节策略的公平知觉及其公平观念。结果表明：(1)学生对教学调节策略的公平知觉存在差异．同伴辅导是学生认为最公平的教学调节策略,其次是丰富。高中生与初中生和小学生对加速和等待两种教学调节策略的公平知觉存在差异。(2)学生的公平观念存在年级差异,公平知觉与公平观念有关。     

What a nostril knows: olfactory nerve-evoked AMPA responses increase while NMDA responses decrease at 24-h post-training for lateralized odor preference memory in neonate rat

Increased AMPA signaling is proposed to mediate long-term memory. Rat neonates acquire odor preferences in a single olfactory bulb if one nostril is occluded at training. Memory testing here confirmed that only trained bulbs support increased odor preference at 24 h. Olfactory nerve field potentials were tested at 24 h in slices from trained and untrained bulbs. A larger AMPA component and a smaller NMDA component characterized responses in the bulb receiving odor preference training. Field potential changes were not seen in a bulbar region separate from the lateral odor-encoding area. These results support models in which memory is mediated by increased olfactory nerve-mitral cell AMPA signaling, and memory stability is promoted by decreased NMDA-mediated signaling.     

马克思主义哲学教学体系的形成与演变(上)

马克思并不是一个把哲学课题化、体系化的职业哲学家,而首先是一个革命家,是一个以实现无产阶级和人类解放为毕生使命的革命家。但是,以无产阶级和人类解放为理论主题,以形而上学批判、意识形态批判和资本批判为理论形式的马克思主义哲学,又的确存在着理论体系。马克思虽然