K-means、潜在类别模型和混合Rasch模型的比较

基于模拟研究比较了K-means方法、潜在类别模型和混合Rasch模型在二分外显变量情境下的聚类效果.结果表明：（1）潜在类别数量、变量数量、样本量、样本平衡和变量间相关对K-means方法、潜在类别模型和混合Rasch模型的分类准确性均有影响且因素间的交互作用存在;（2）除了在2个潜在类别的样本不平衡条件下K-means方法表现较差外,在其他条件下与潜在类别模型和混合Rasch模型的表现相当;（3）混合Rasch模型的分类一致性在2个潜在类别的情境下要好于潜在类别模型,但是在4个潜在类别的情境下要差于潜在类别模型.     

Evaluation of the Informational Content,Readability and Comprehensibility of Online Health Information on Monogenic Diabetes

The purpose of this study was to assess the informational content, readability, suitability and comprehensibility of websites offering educational information about monogenic diabetes available to patients. The top 20 results from 15 queries in four search engines were screened. Content analysis was performed by two independent coders. Readability was determined using Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL) and Simplified Measure of Goobledygook (SMOG). The Comprehensibility Assessment of Materials (SAM + CAM) scale was utilized to evaluate website suitability and comprehensibility. Only 2% (N = 29) of 1200 screened websites met inclusion criteria. Content analysis showed that 16 websites presented information on at least the most common forms of MODY (1, 2 and 3), four addressed the utility of genetic counseling, and none included support resources for patients. All websites exceeded the consensus readability level (6th grade) as assessed by FKGL (10.1 grade) and SMOG (12.8 ± 1.5 grades). Although the majority (N = 20) of websites had an overall “adequate” to “superior” quality score (SAM + CAM score > = 40%), more than one-third scored “not suitable” in categories of content, literacy demand, graphics, and learning motivation. The online educational resources for monogenic diabetes have a high readability level and require improvement in ease of use and comprehensibility for patients with diabetes.     

视听时、空一致性对Pip-and-Pop效应的影响

多感觉整合遵循空间原则和时间原则, 有研究表明Pip-and-Pop效应产生的原因是多感觉整合, 那么Pip-and-Pop效应是否同样遵循空间原则和时间原则呢?本研究采用动态视觉搜索范式, 通过两个眼动实验考察空间一致性(实验1)和时间一致性(实验2)对Pip-and-Pop效应的影响。结果发现：(1)当视觉目标颜色变化伴随一个同侧的听觉刺激时所产生的Pip-and-Pop效应最大, 对侧条件没有发现Pip-and-Pop效应。(2)视听刺激同时呈现所产生的Pip-and-Pop效应最大, 随视听刺激呈现时间间隔的增加Pip-and-Pop效应逐渐减弱直至消失。结果表明, 视听时、空一致性对Pip-and-Pop效应具有调节作用, 这为多感觉整合在产生Pip-and-Pop效应中的作用提供了证据。     

Comparing the temporal dynamics and efficacy of task-relevant and task-irrelevant memory-driven attention

Cognitive Processing - People’s attention is well attracted to a stimulus matching their memory. For example, when people are required to remember the color of a visual object, stimuli...     

前列腺素E1注射液治疗早期2型糖尿病肾病临床观察

比较不同剂量的前列腺素E1注射液在早期2型糖尿病肾病患者中的,l鑫床疗效。最终随机纳入9l例早期2型糖尿病’肾病患者,分别接受10μg／d（A组,n=47）与20μg／d（B组,n=44）的前列腺素E1治疗,2周后观察8小时尿微量白蛋白排泄率（UAER）、血尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）的变化。结果显示,两组患者治疗后...     

中国传统和谐思想与人文奥运理念

中国传统文化中的"和谐"是包括自然和谐、人与自然和谐、社会和谐及人的身心和谐几个方面在内的"普遍和谐",为人文奥运的理念提供了重要的思想资源.人文奥运所包含的倡导不同文化间的平等与包容、推进以人为本的社会和谐、致力于人与自然的和谐发展、关注人的身心和谐与全面发展等内容与中国传统和谐思想具有某种契合.     

国外关于儿童学习研究的新进展

儿童学习是发展心理学研究领域中的一个重要课题。20世纪90年代以来,国外在儿童学习的研究上取得了一系列理论和方法的进步。章对之进行简要回顾,重点阐述有关儿童学习的重波理论、微发生方法,并在此基础上,简要介绍研究们所取得的几个较为一致的结论。     

再认能力最佳年龄的研究——试用信号检测论分析

本实验取8个年龄组(多数年龄组又分正常实验组和暗示实验组,各组12名被试),用具体图形,抽象图形和词等三种材料,进行信号检测论的再认实验。 结果表明,各年龄阶段再认具体图形,小学高年级学生成绩最佳;再认抽象图形和词,初中学生最佳。我们认为,这是教育心理学中一个值得注意的问题。 在研究方法上,我们觉得信号检测论用于再认实验具有如下优越性:(1)信号检测论具有二个独立的指标d’和c,有利于分析人们的心理因素;(2)信号检测论把再认错误划分为二类,有助于分析错误原因;(3)信号检测论指标d’比传统再认法指标灵敏。     

Attentional bias toward waiting time information among individuals with high and low trait self-control when making intertemporal choices

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to explore whether the modulation effects of attentional biases toward time information representing immediate rewards and delayed rewards differ between individuals with high and low trait self-control. Forty participants with high trait self-control and 40 with low trait self-control were selected based on their responses to the Chinese version of the self-control scale, and they were asked to complete an intertemporal choice task and dot probe task first and then a cue-target task a week later. The results showed that the participants with low trait self-control were more likely to choose immediate rewards than participants with high trait self-control. Furthermore, facilitated attention and difficulty in attention disengagement toward present-related words were found among participants with low trait self-control with higher frequency than among those with high trait self-control. Finally, facilitated attention toward present-related words moderated the indifference points among the participants with low trait self-control.     

曹丕的宗教意识与文学观念

曹丕的文学思想是敏感精致的文人情怀的体现,这是与其冷峻强悍的现实政治人格迥异的深层心理,主旋律是黄老道家道教的贵人重生渴望成仙."文气说"将文学与自然感性的生命相联系,是道教贵生的生命观的体现,"文章不朽论"则是对生命短促现实苦痛的诗意超越,希望以艺术的形式实现生命的永恒.