统一·行动·未来——马丁·布伯对犹太教现代性的思考

在当代的犹太教思想家中,许多学者提出重新理解犹太教的现代性任务。马丁·布伯是其中比较出色的一位。他洞察到现代性危机中的犹太教处境,在此基础上,批评了先前几种犹太教复兴观念:政治犹太复国主义、宗教共同体理论和民族共同体理论。他努力挖掘犹太教精神传统,分析犹太教中的现代性观念:包括统一、行动、未来三种精神。他的阐释工作的启示在于:一方面,必须以批评的和反思的眼光来面对西方的现代性,为现代性困境寻找出路;另一方面,也为犹太教展示出现代性的资源,拓展了犹太教在现代的生存空间。     

Supervisors’ work-related and nonwork information sharing: Integrating research on information sharing,information seeking,and trust using self-disclosure theory

Although significant scholarly attention has been devoted to understanding subordinates’ information seeking from supervisors, researchers have not paid adequate attention to information sharing by supervisors. Moreover, research on supervisors’ information sharing behavior has focused almost exclusively on work-related information sharing, disregarding supervisors’ sharing of information not related to work (e.g., that related to family). Drawing on self-disclosure theory, we argue that supervisors share both work-related and nonwork information with their subordinates and propose that these two forms of information sharing are conceptually distinct. Furthermore, to unravel the role of supervisors’ nonwork information sharing, we develop an interactive model to test how it may be associated with important employee outcomes. We conducted pilot studies using five samples and, through a sixth study, tested the hypothesized model using a four-wave data collection design. This study makes three major contributions to research and theory. First, it integrates information sharing and information seeking literatures. Second, it underlines the importance of supervisors’ nonwork information sharing in organizations by testing its direct and interactive effects. Third, it contributes to theory by presenting trust as a mechanism that links information disclosure in dyads. Results obtained using structural equation modeling generally supported the proposed model.     

The Sufficient and Necessary Condition for the Identifiability and Estimability of the DINA Model

Psychometrika - Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) are useful statistical tools in cognitive diagnosis assessment. However, as many other latent variable models, the CDMs often suffer from the...     

同质信度多种指标的比较研究

本研究采用实验研究方式．以被试人数、项目数和方差是否相等为3个自变量,研究随自变量变化因变景同质信度不同指标各自的稳定性。然后采用概化理论的研究方法对上述结果进一步验证。两种研究结果一致表明,α系数对方差是否相等比较敏感．不是同质信度的理想指标。β系数γ系数ζ系数对信度的估计精度基本处于同一水平．在抗干扰性上明显比。系数优越,但不及ρ系数。ρ系数在各种条件下都很稳定,能较准确地反映同质信度。     

On Setting Response Criteria for Calibrated Subjective Probability Estimates

Framing the issue of subjective probability calibration in signal-detection-theory terms, this paper first proves a theorem regarding the placement of well-calibrated response criteria and then develops an algorithm guaranteed to find such criteria, should they exist. Application of this algorithm to tasks varying in difficulty and number of response categories shows that perfect calibration is easiest to attain under median difficulty levels (d' approximately 1.4) and is practically or theoretically impossible to attain when the task is either very hard (d' approximately 0.5) or very easy (d' approximately 10). Implications for calibration research, including the hard-easy effect, are discussed. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.     

Foot-in-the-door and door-in-the-face: a comparative meta-analytic study

The so-called foot-in-the-door and door-in-the-face techniques have been generally considered as procedures which may consistently influence others' behavior. This study compared efficiency (in terms of compliance rates with various target requests) of both techniques using meta-analysis. It is based on the accumulated studies directly comparing foot-in-the-door (n=22, subjects= 1581) and door-in-the-face (n=22, subjects= 1611) under a similar target request. Analysis indicated no significant differences in efficiency between the paradigms.     

Neuropsychology of mildly disabled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Previous papers have mainly demonstrated the presence of cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), these changes have been traditionally associated with the later stages of the disease. In the current study, a comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered to 216 relapsing-remitting MS patients with mild clinical disability (EDSS相似文献   

A spatial modality effect in serial memory

In 2 experiments, the authors tested whether the classical modality effect-that is, the stronger recency effect for auditory items relative to visual items-can be extended to the spatial domain. An order reconstruction task was undertaken with four types of material: visual-spatial, auditory-spatial, visual-verbal, and auditory-verbal. Similar serial position curves were obtained regardless of the nature of the to-be-remembered sequences, with the exception that a modality effect was found with spatial as well as with verbal materials. The results are discussed with regard to a number of models of short-term memory.