对交替呈现的立体图对的双眼立体视觉的探讨

本实验用APPLE Ⅱ微机控制的同视机,选用医用三级检查图片中的彩色和黑白两种立体图对,对30名被试进行实验。结果表明:(1)在同视机条件下,当双眼图象交替闪烁相位的交替频率平均在7Hz以上时,双眼立体视觉形成。(2)双眼刺激交替呈现时,彩色图对的立体感闪烁融合阈值约为33Hz,黑白图对的立体感闪烁融合阈值约为25Hz,两者差异十分显著(P<0.0001)。     

“临床记忆量表”的编制

由于实际和科研工作的需要,设计和编制了“临床记忆量表”。量表包括指向记忆、联想学习、图象自由回忆、无意义图形再认和人像特点联系回忆五项分测验,同时编有相匹配的甲、乙两套。标准化分有文化部分和无文化部分分别取样,各2161例及1149例,共3310例。年龄范围为20至89岁。取样测试结果符合常态分配。甲、乙两套复测相关0.85。量表所测记忆与学习成绩、记忆与年龄的关系与经验相符。应用于脑肿瘤患者的结果表明无意义图形再认与右脑机能、联想学习与左脑机能有较多联系,符合预期构想。以上结果表明本量表信度、效度合格。     

HIV prevention with persons with mental health problems

The HIV seroprevalence rate among persons with mental health problems (PMHP) is substantially higher than that of the general population in the United States. This study examines the efficacy over 12 months of an HIV prevention program with 99 individuals attending outpatient mental health clinics who were randomly assigned to receive either: (a) a seven-session, small-group intervention of Project LIGHT (Living in Good Health Together); or (b) a one-session video intervention. Regression analyses of data from 87% of the sample interviewed at 1-year follow-up revealed that intervention group membership was associated with significantly fewer sexual risk acts. A significant intervention effect for condom use was found for 72% of the sample who were African American, but not for Latino or Caucasian participants. Results from this study suggest that HIV risk reduction groups such as Project LIGHT may have utility in public mental health care settings.     

Preschoolers with Asthma: Narratives of Family Functioning Predict Behavior Problems

This study tested a model predicting behavior symptoms in preschoolers with asthma. Specifically, it examined the role that asthma severity and children's representations of family functioning may play in the development of child behavior problems in a sample of 53 low-income preschoolers. The study included parent report of asthma severity and a narrative story-stem method to assess children's representations of both general and disease-specific family processes. A regression model tested the inclusion of both types of family processes in predicting child internalizing and externalizing behavior. Disease severity and children's family narratives independently predicted children's behavior over and above the combined effects of demographic variables including child age, socioeconomic status, and family structure. Although children's narratives about general family functioning predicted children's behavior, narratives about family response to asthma symptoms did not. Findings support that both disease severity and family functioning are important considerations in understanding children's behavior problems in the context of asthma. Clinical applications of findings may include: (1) Informing family based-assessments to incorporate children's narratives, and (2) A focus on reducing asthma symptoms and strengthening family functioning to prevent or address child behavior problems.     

Male Emotional Intimacy: How Therapeutic Men's Groups Can Enhance Couples Therapy

Men's difficulty with emotional intimacy is a problem that therapists regularly encounter in working with heterosexual couples in therapy. The first part of this article describes historical and cultural factors that contribute to this dilemma in men's marriages and same-sex friendships. Therapeutic men's groups can provide a corrective experience for men, helping them to develop emotional intimacy skills while augmenting their work in couples therapy. A model for such groups is presented, including guidelines for referral, screening, and collaboration with other therapists. Our therapeutic approach encourages relationship-based learning through direct emotional expression and supportive feedback. We emphasize the development of friendship skills , core attributes of friendship ( connection, communication, commitment, and cooperation ) that contribute to emotional intimacy in men's relationships. Case examples are included to illustrate how this model works in clinical practice, as well as specific suggestions for further study that could lead to a more evidence-based practice.     

Editorial

Abstract

This paper will examine the current crisis in psychoanalysis in terms of the profession's decline, the apparent lack of patients, the ongoing debate over what constitutes psychoanalysis versus other therapies, and the lack of clinical focus in those debates. The concept of analytic contact will be introduced, and clinical material is used to showcase this concept as a bridge from the circular political debates to a more meaningful examination of what is psychoanalytic. In addition, case material will explore how patients tend to fight off the establishment of analytic contact in favor of safer, less threatening modes of relating. The author suggests that most patients fight off analytic contact and try to shift the treatment into something less analytic. It is up to the analyst to detect this, interpret it, and notice any countertransference collusion that may occur. Although the state of psychoanalysis as a profession is less than stellar in the eyes of the public, and the profession is apt to sabotage itself with endless debates about what constitutes true analytic work, the end is not necessary near. This paper proposes analytic contact to be the more useful focus of research and productive area of clinical exploration. If the decline of our field is to turn around, it will be on the clinical battlefront, not in terms of the theorizing among disagreeing groups of territorial analysts afraid of losing their political high-ground. The concept of analytic contact assumes that a deep exploration of intrapsychic phenomena, conflicts, and defenses, all within the realm of the transference, is the best clinical method of helping the mentally troubled individual. This genuine chance of change is best administered by a trained psychoanalyst. This simple idea is something the profession has contaminated with its often pointless arguments over frequency, analyzability, couch, and so forth. The clinical material will show that what happens in the room between analyst and patient is what best defines the true psychoanalytic treatment.