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G L Greig 《Perception & psychophysics》1990,48(1):77-81
A numerical study shows that energy-detection ROC curves based on chi-squared distributions may be accurately represented by binormal receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. This allows the detector accuracy and the ROC shape (asymmetry) to be expressed simply in terms of the distribution parameters. An established approximate formula for the shape of energy-detection ROC curves is shown to be inaccurate. An improved approximately is presented. 相似文献
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When applied to the Global South, mainstream positivist approaches to work and organisational psychology impose alien theories of personality (the self) and leadership. In the case of women, they fail to capture the richness of their experiences of life and leadership, which are influenced by the nexus between history, power and marginalisation—for many, even oppression. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the value of a critical social psychological approach, despite its grounding in the Global North discourse, to analyse women's leadership from a cross-cultural context. To illustrate, we provide an empirical example of a Vietnamese woman leader's life-story drawing on the theoretical resources from critical social psychology to interpret her experiences. When viewed from this perspective, women's leadership is understood within a dialogical space, which is prior to and more fundamental than any instrumental reason and technical rationality. It is argued that this approach resists essentialising assumptions about gender and cultural practices of leadership, providing a more liberating means to understand the life and leadership of Vietnamese women. In the final analysis, we argue that this study contributes to the nascent field of critical work and organisational psychology. 相似文献
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Greig I. de Zubicaray Katie L. McMahon 《Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience》2009,9(3):260-269
Naming an object entails a number of processing stages, including retrieval of a target lexical concept and encoding of its
phonological word form. We investigated these stages using the picture-word interference task in an fMRI experiment. Participants
named target pictures in the presence of auditorily presented semantically related, phonologically related, or unrelated distractor
words or in isolation. We observed BOLD signal changes in left-hemisphere regions associated with lexical-conceptual and phonological
processing, including the midto-posterior lateral temporal cortex. However, these BOLD responses manifested as signal reductions
for all distractor conditions relative to naming alone. Compared with unrelated words, phonologically related distractors
showed further signal reductions, whereas only the pars orbitalis of the left inferior frontal cortex showed a selective reduction
in response in the semantic condition. We interpret these findings as indicating that the word forms of lexical competitors
are phonologically encoded and that competition during lexical selection is reduced by phonologically related distractors.
Since the extended nature of auditory presentation requires a large portion of a word to be presented before its meaning is
accessed, we attribute the BOLD signal reductions observed for semantically related and unrelated words to lateral inhibition
mechanisms engaged after target name selection has occurred, as has been proposed in some production models. 相似文献