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61.
Slutske WS Hunt-Carter EE Nabors-Oberg RE Sher KJ Bucholz KK Madden PA Anokhin A Heath AC 《Journal of abnormal psychology》2004,113(4):530-540
The association of college attendance with alcohol use and alcohol use disorders was examined in a population-based young adult female twin sample identified from a systematic search of birth records. College-attending women consumed a larger overall volume of alcohol than did their non-college-attending peers, but they were not more likely to be diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder. Significant associations between college attendance and alcohol involvement were probed using 3 different complementary research designs: multivariate cross-sectional analyses, longitudinal analyses of the precollege and college years, and cotwin-control analyses of twin pairs discordant for attending college. Although demographic and lifestyle characteristics accounted for most or all of the association between college attendance and alcohol involvement, there was 1 aspect of drinking behavior, occasionally consuming large quantities of alcohol, that remained significantly associated with college attendance even after controlling for these characteristics or for genetic and family background factors. These results are consistent with the conclusion that some aspect of the college experience may be an important environmental risk factor for this pattern of drinking among young adults. 相似文献
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Sagrestano LM Feldman P Rini CK Woo G Dunkel-Schetter C 《American journal of community psychology》1999,27(6):869-898
Data from two multi-ethnic prospective studies of African American, Latina, and non-Hispanic White pregnant women were used to examine the influence of contextual factors on social support processes during pregnancy. Multiple types of support (perceived support, received support, support satisfaction, network support) and sources of support (baby's father, family, friends) were assessed. The role of ethnicity in social support was examined after controlling for the contribution of related contextual factors (SES, marital status, age, parity, employment) to these processes. The impact of ethnicity and related contextual factors differed across sources of social support. Ethnic differences in support from family and friends, but not from the baby's father, emerged. However, marital status was a consistent predictor of support from the baby's father, and SES was a consistent predictor of support from friends. Overall, the findings of two studies suggest that although ethnicity is associated with support from friends and family, other contextual factors, such as marital status and SES, influence support processes during pregnancy. 相似文献
65.
Pamela D. Couture 《Teaching Theology & Religion》1999,2(2):96-102
The author's experience of reflection-on-action and reflection-in-action in clinical supervision for counseling provides the basis for an analogous experience in the classroom that promotes the teaching of the practice of general pastoral care. A classroom ritual of role play within a specific process for reflection provides the basis for integrating theory and practice. 相似文献
66.
R W Greene J Biederman S V Faraone T E Wilens E Mick H K Blier 《Journal of clinical child psychology》1999,28(3):349-354
Examined predictors of substance use disorders in nonreferred siblings of boys with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to further investigate whether previous findings documenting the role of social impairment in predicting substance use disorders would be replicated. Participants were comprehensively assessed at Time 1 and at 4-year follow-up. We found that social impairment was the sole significant predictor of alcohol and substance abuse and smoking after controlling for other variables previously shown to be predictors of substance use disorders. These results confirmed prior findings documenting the critical role of social impairment in predicting later substance use disorders. 相似文献
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Wayne A. Hochwarter Kelly L. Zellars Pamela L. Perrew Allison W. Harrison 《Journal of applied social psychology》1999,29(10):2203-2218
The present study examined whether employees high in negative affectivity (NA) are destined to be unhappy at work. Managerial employees provided information regarding perceptions of job characteristics, negative affectivity (NA), job satisfaction, and intentions to turnover. Using hierarchical regression, our findings suggest that employees who reported being high NA were more reactive to the environmental cues of perceived job scope. Specifically, NA interacted with job scope such that individuals high in NA who perceived their jobs as being higher (lower) in scope reported more (less) job satisfaction than did individuals low in NA. Implications for organizations and future research directions are discussed. 相似文献
69.
Kelly L. Zellars Pamela L. Perrewe Wayne A. Hochwarter 《Journal of applied social psychology》1999,29(11):2250-2271
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which factors in the nursing environment have differential effects on burnout levels among nurses high and low in negative affectivity (NA). Specifically, this field study examined the moderating relationships among role ambiguity, role conflict, and collective efficacy on the NA–burnout relationship among nurses in a hospital setting. Findings suggest that perceived role conflict exacerbates while perceptions of collective efficacy reduce specific dimensions of burnout for nurses high in NA. These results offer some evidence regarding which environmental characteristics may mitigate burnout for high-NA nurses. 相似文献
70.
Pamela Nicely Catherine S. Tamis-LeMonda Marc H. Bornstein 《Infant behavior & development》1999,22(4):209
To investigate infants’ affective expressivity and maternal attuned responsiveness to infant expressivity in relation to early language achievement, 77 dyads were visited in their homes at 9 and 13 months, and mothers were interviewed about their children’s language between 9 and 21 months. Maternal responses that were attuned to infant affect, by selectively matching either the gradient features or the valence of infants’ affective expressions, were more predictive of children’s language achievement than maternal nonmatching responses; and maternal matching responses at 9 months were more predictive of children’s language achievements than maternal responses at 13 months. Moreover, maternal matching responses at 9 months predicted second-year language achievements over and above infant affect expressivity at 9 and 13 months, and over and above maternal matching responses at 13 months. Infants’ affective expressivity per se was not predictive. 相似文献