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991.
992.
This study examined 10 factors and their relation to the life satisfaction of single middle-aged professional women. The proposed regression model, which included job satisfaction, gender identity, locus of control, social support, health, financial resources, leisure-time activities, sexual satisfaction, and regrets regarding life circumstances, was explored through a questionnaire. Questionnaires were administered to single professional women in higher education institutions. Responses were received from 152 women. Performance on life satisfaction was significantly explained by recourse to the variables of job satisfaction, internal locus of control, regrets regarding life circumstances, sexual satisfaction, and leisure-time activities. 相似文献
993.
WHO IS HAPPY? 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A flood of new studies explores people's subjective well-being (SWB) Frequent positive affect, infrequent negative affect and a global sense of satisfaction with life define high SWB These studies reveal that happiness and life satisfaction are similarly available to the young and the old, women and men, blacks and whites, the rich and the working-class. Better clues to well-being come from knowing about a person's traits, close relationships, work experiences, culture, and religiosity. We present the elements of an appraisal-based theory of happiness that recognizes the importance of adaptation, cultural world view, and personal goals 相似文献
994.
The present study assessed the role of context in the acquisition and transfer of a mathematical strategy. One hundred and six children were assigned to four conditions: direct strategy instruction, guided discovery, direct teaching plus discovery, or a control condition. The intervention consisted of fourteen sessions during which the number-family strategy, useful for addition and subtraction, was taught. Third grade students in the guided discovery condition performed better than those in the direct instruction condition on far transfer problems that measured deep conceptual understanding. Students who had total or partial exposure to guided discovery held stronger beliefs and adopted more positive goals about the importance of mathematical understanding and peer collaboration, attributed less importance to task extrinsic reasons for success, and reported greater use of deep processing strategies than students exposed to direct, explicit instructions. Finally, students in the discovery conditions were able to communicate more effectively during problem solving than students in the direct instructions condition. 相似文献
995.
Stephen Hill 《Knowledge, Technology, and Policy》1995,8(2):88-112
The pace, shape and meaning of development are cultural phenomena—fundamentally driven by the meanings people ascribe to their
action, to the symbols they aspire to, and by the wider values contexts within which they are acting. However, people participating
within the development process continuously confront a tension between the assertion of the cultural meanings of the local
known social world and the assertion of the meanings of an idealized largely unknown social world that stretches beyond immediate
experience, and that is particularly represented in commodity symbols and media images. Tension is therefore between indigenization
or globalization. The product, greater valence of indigenization or globalization, results from the alternative ways in which
tension between the two domains is resolved.
In the modern social world access to knowledge, as well as the impact of knowledge embodied within technological artifacts,
are key drivers in both the level of participation in development and the level of colonization of indigenized meanings by
globalized frameworks of understanding. The current paper therefore focuses on the role of knowledge within the interactions
between globalization and indigenization.
The paper demonstrates that the general trend of development during the last half of the twentieth century has driven cultural
change towards more globalized meanings and dependencies. The dynamics of technological access and change are centrally implicated.
However, new opportunities are opening up at both local indigenized levels and within modernizing sectors, and the essence
of these opportunities lies in capturing a cultural advantage. At the indigenous society level, a focus on capitalizing on
indigenous technical knowledge can have enormous payoffs in terms of economic development outcomes. Meanwhile, a focus on
linking local with modernizing sectors through bridging technologies and knowledge across indigenous and global cultures allows
indigenous cultures to share in the economic benefits of modernization. And finally, a new wave of change is emerging in the
modernized sector itself, opening up quite new opportunities for “small players”—whether they be small firms or small countries.
The opportunities are set within change in the global orders of technology and science over the last five to ten years. What
matters is the ability of these small players to be highly responsive, to capture knowledge flows through both technical and
social capabilities of their people; in other words, global advantage follows from capture of local cultural strength.
Stephen Hill is foundation director for the Center for Research Policy, located at the University of Wollongong, and established
as a special research center of the Australian Research Council. More recently, he was appointed Regional Director of UNESCO
for South East Asia and the Pacific. Professor Hill will assume his new appointment in June, 1995. 相似文献
996.
Product manuals have been virtually ignored in published research despite their relevance to consumer satisfaction and marketplace safety. This study examines self-efficacy (perceptions of capabilities related to operating a product) and how it influences the effectiveness of and is also influenced by three safety message formats commonly used in product manuals (i.e., 1. safety messages presented in list format at the front of the manual; 2; safety messages presented by semantic similarity interspersed throughout the manual—chunked format, and 3. safety messages presented in a combined format—both list and chunked). As anticipated, pre-exposure self-efficacy was a significant covariate which was found to be positively related to post-exposure self-efficacy and negatively related to information evaluation. Further, controlling for pre-exposure self-efficacy, post-exposure self-efficacy was significantly lower in the combined (list plus chunked) condition. Findings of this research have important implications for the practice of repeating safety warnings and future research in the consumer information domain.Authors are listed in alphabetical order. This study was supported by an Illinois State University Research Grant. 相似文献
997.
998.
Abstract— Does group discussion and deliberation on one issue or task influence the members' decisions or opinions on other issues? In contrast to past research looking solely at changes in responses to the same item discussed by the group, this study examined whether group interaction results in members changing the way they make judgments on related items in the future. The results show that group discussion and consensus on one set of judgments led to a significant convergence of judgmental strategies that extended to a related (but different) set of judgments the members made later as individuals. 相似文献
999.
James R. Rodrigue Russell G. Hoffmann Arista Rayfield Celia Lescano Wendy Kubar Randi Streisand Christine G. Banko 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1995,2(1):89-107
We examined the nature of referrals to a health center-based pediatric psychology service from 1990 to 1993 and assessed the satisfaction of health professionals with these services. Archival evaluation of 1467 records showed that over half of the consultation requests came from general pediatrics, pediatric neurology, and surgical services and that 70% of the psychological services were delivered on an outpatient basis. The most frequent referrals were for cognitive/neuropsychological evaluation and externalizing behavior problems. Pediatric psychology trainees were involved in 94% of the consultations. Survey of health professionals (n = 143) indicated very high overall satisfaction with the quality of services delivered. Presenting problems yielding the greatest likelihood for future consultation requests were behavior problems, child abuse, coping with illness, and depression/suicide. Results are discussed in the context of previous evaluations of pediatric psychology services and recommendations for future evaluation research. 相似文献
1000.
Rosemerry R. Blash M.S. Donald G. Unger Ph.D. 《Journal of child and family studies》1995,4(3):359-373
The role of perceived efficacy, parent support, and community involvement in the self-esteem and ethnic identity of 68 African-American male youth were investigated in this research. The results provided support for the distinctiveness of ethnic identity and self-esteem. A sense of mastery was positively associated with both self-esteem and ethnic identity. Parent support was associated with self-esteem, while community involvement and an appreciation of African-American heritage were positively related to ethnic identity. Implications for future research and the evaluation of prevention and support programs for youth are discussed. 相似文献