Methodological issues in the use of the concurrent activities paradigm

This paper presents a critical analysis of one type of dual-task procedure, the lateralized concurrent activities paradigm. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors that may influence the interpretation of results obtained with this paradigm are isolated and methodological refinements in experimental design and analysis are suggested.     

Leader-Member Exchange and Transformational Leadership: An Empirical Examination of Innovative Behaviors in Leader-Member Dyads

This paper evoked leader-member exchange (LMX) and transformational leadership theories to explain innovative behavior in leader-member dyads. Data from 225 leader-member dyads in a Fortune 500 manufacturing plant found exchange quality to be positively related to follower autonomy, leader support of followers, and follower commitment to the organization. Further, followers who were supported by their leaders and who were committed to the organization were more likely to be innovative. Also, exchange quality was directly related to innovative behaviors. Contrary to expectations, transformational leadership was negatively related to innovative behaviors of followers.     

Pluralistic ignorance and college student perceptions of gender-specific alcohol norms.

Students' perceived norms and personal concern about alcohol use were examined in 4 (N=971) experiments. Men reported that same-sex peers were less concerned about campus alcohol practices than themselves or female students; women believed that they were more concerned about campus alcohol practices than both same- and opposite-sex peers (Experiments 1 and 2). Additional evidence suggested that students were not merely engaging in impression management. Men reported more social pressure to drink and greater embarrassment about expressing drinking-related concerns; women expected more severe consequences if they drank excessively (Experiment 3). A male student (vs female student) expressing concerns about alcohol was believed to experience greater difficulties fitting in (Experiment 4). Implications for peer influence and drug use intervention are discussed.