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141.
Hansen AL Johnsen BH Thornton D Waage L Thayer JF 《Journal of personality disorders》2007,21(5):568-582
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the four facets of Hare's Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991; Bolt, Hare, Vitale, & Newman, 2004) were related to physiological and cognitive mechanisms. Fifty-three male prisoners participated in this study. Physiological responses were measured as heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR). Cognitive functions were measured using a continuous performance test (CPT; California Computerized Assessment Package, Abbreviated version) and a working memory test (WMT); based on Baddeley & Hitch (1974). The regression analysis of the HRV revealed that the interpersonal facet explained most of the variance during baseline (28%), CPT (16%), and WMT (12%). This was also true for the HR data during baseline (28%), CPT (20%), WMT (10%), and recovery (13%). The antisocial facet explained 10% of the variance only during baseline. Subjects scoring high compared to low on the interpersonal facet also showed better cognitive functioning. The study suggests that the different facets were differently associated with both physiological and cognitive functions. 相似文献
142.
Strømsvik N Nordin K Berglund G Engebretsen LF Hansson MG Gjengedal E 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(1):105-117
This qualitative study explores how 29 Swedish patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) experience living
with the condition, appraisal of the clinical follow-up program, and surveys their future expectations. The aim of this study
is to build knowledge about this patient group in order to provide optimal care. The participants describe physical, psychological,
and social limitations in their daily activities and how these limitations influence quality of life. Our findings indicate
that a majority of patients have adjusted to their situation, describing themselves as being healthy despite physical symptoms
and treatment. The participants received decent care in the clinical follow-up program, - however, greater effort should be
put into patient information. These patients might benefit from genetic counseling. Health professionals involved should recognize
their potential impact and influence on a patient’s ability to adjust to these circumstances. Antonovsky`s Sense of Coherence
theory is used to discuss these findings. 相似文献
143.
Krøjgaard P 《Developmental science》2007,10(6):892-909
Discussions have recently taken place on whether spatiotemporal information is more important than featural information when infants attempt to individuate objects. Hitherto, spatiotemporal and featural information have only been compared directly by using cognitively demanding 'event-mapping designs' (e.g. Xu & Carey, 1996), whereas the simpler event-monitoring designs (e.g. the 'wide-screen/narrow-screen' by Wilcox and colleagues) have not been employed for such a comparison. The present research offers a new event-monitoring design, the rotating screen design, that allows for such a direct comparison. Three experiments in which 9.5-, 8.0-, and 6.5-month-old infants attempt to individuate objects by spatiotemporal and featural information are reported. The results showed that whereas the 9.5-month-old infants were able to individuate objects by spatiotemporal as well as featural information, the infants of the younger age groups only successfully individuated objects when provided with spatiotemporal information, but not with featural information. 相似文献
144.
Charlotte Jørgensen 《Argumentation》2009,23(1):11-19
While still subject to differing interpretations Perelman’s theory of audience has potential as an evaluative tool in rhetorical criticism as demonstrated by Gross and Crosswhite. I compare their explanations of how politicians address the universal audience and the respective implications for evaluating the argumentation and then argue that although Gross provides a more immediately applicable theory, Crosswhite’s interpretation recommends itself by virtue of its wider scope in regard to deliberative rhetoric. 相似文献
145.
146.
This paper aims at exploring the challenges arising when teachers at secondary school level decide to cooperate about students’
argumentative writing. Two teams of teachers and researchers have met regularly during the school year, discussing students’
texts from a variety of disciplines. Going into two writing tasks in detail, the authors discuss the importance of scaffolding (support) in the teaching of argument. The paper includes a discussion of some specific textual features that are often touched
upon in the meetings. 相似文献
147.
Till Grüne-Yanoff 《Synthese》2009,169(3):539-555
It is often claimed that artificial society simulations contribute to the explanation of social phenomena. At the hand of
a particular example, this paper argues that artificial societies often cannot provide full explanations, because their models
are not or cannot be validated. Despite that, many feel that such simulations somehow contribute to our understanding. This
paper tries to clarify this intuition by investigating whether artificial societies provide potential explanations. It is
shown that these potential explanations, if they contribute to our understanding, considerably differ from potential causal
explanations. Instead of possible causal histories, simulations offer possible functional analyses of the explanandum. The paper discusses how these two kinds explanatory strategies differ, and how potential functional explanations can be
appraised. 相似文献
148.
Toni Rønnow-Rasmussen 《Philosophia》2009,37(2):227-243
The distinction between the agent-relative and the agent-neutral plays a prominent role in recent attempts to taxonomize normative theories. Its importance extends to most areas in practical philosophy, though. Despite its popularity, the distinction remains difficult to get a good grip on. In part this has to do with the fact that there is no consensus concerning the sort of objects to which we should apply the distinction. Thomas Nagel distinguishes between agent-neutral and agent-relative values, reasons, and principles; Derek Parfit focuses on normative theories (and the aims they provide to agents), David McNaughton and Piers Rawling focus on rules and reasons, Skorupski on predicates, and there are other suggestions too. Some writers suspect that we fundamentally talk about one and the same distinction. This work is about practical reasons for action rather than theoretical reasons for belief. Moreover, focus is on whether reasons do or do not essentially refer to particular agents. A challenge that undermines the dichotomy in this sense is posed. After having rejected different attempts to defend the distinction, it is argued that there is a possible defence that sets out from Jonathan Dancy’s recent distinction between enablers and favourers. 相似文献
149.
150.
Learning from Minimal Economic Models 总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0
Till Grüne-Yanoff 《Erkenntnis》2009,70(1):81-99
It is argued that one can learn from minimal economic models. Minimal models are models that are not similar to the real world,
do not resemble some of its features, and do not adhere to accepted regularities. One learns from a model if constructing
and analysing the model affects one’s confidence in hypotheses about the world. Economic models, I argue, are often assessed
for their credibility. If a model is judged credible, it is considered to be a relevant possibility. Considering such relevant
possibilities may affect one’s confidence in necessity or impossibility hypotheses. Thus, one can learn from minimal economic
models.
相似文献
Till Grüne-YanoffEmail: |