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511.
John P. Meyer Chester Kam Irina Goldenberg Nicholas L. Bremner 《Military psychology》2013,25(4):381-401
According to the 3-component model of commitment, the individual components of commitment—affective (AC), normative (NC), and continuance (CC)—combine to form profiles, and these profiles have different implications for behavior and well-being. We tested these propositions in a military context and also examined conditions (perceived organizational support, organizational justice, job satisfaction, and satisfaction with leadership) that might contribute to the development of commitment profiles. Latent profile analyses of data from 6,501 respondents to the 2010 Canadian Forces Retention Survey revealed 6 distinct profiles. Personnel with profiles reflecting strong AC and NC reported the most favorable work conditions, stay intentions, and well-being; uncommitted personnel and those with CC-dominant profiles reported the least favorable conditions, were most active in job search activities, and scored highest on anxiety and depression. The value of taking a profile approach, and the implications of managing work conditions to promote optimal profiles, are discussed. 相似文献
512.
Magda L. Dumitru Gitte H. Joergensen Alice G. Cruickshank Gerry T.M. Altmann 《Consciousness and cognition》2013,22(2):562-571
Language is more than a source of information for accessing higher-order conceptual knowledge. Indeed, language may determine how people perceive and interpret visual stimuli. Visual processing in linguistic contexts, for instance, mirrors language processing and happens incrementally, rather than through variously-oriented fixations over a particular scene. The consequences of this atypical visual processing are yet to be determined. Here, we investigated the integration of visual and linguistic input during a reasoning task. Participants listened to sentences containing conjunctions or disjunctions (Nancy examined an ant and/or a cloud) and looked at visual scenes containing two pictures that either matched or mismatched the nouns. Degree of match between nouns and pictures (referential anchoring) and between their expected and actual spatial positions (spatial anchoring) affected fixations as well as judgments. We conclude that language induces incremental processing of visual scenes, which in turn becomes susceptible to reasoning errors during the language-meaning verification process. 相似文献
513.
Academic scholarship on teen television programs indicates that images of queer sexualities can strongly impact the identities of emerging adults. Yet what is missing from this body of scholarship is an in-depth examination of how these representations are incorporated into the identity projects of the emerging adults who watch these shows. This study fills this gap by examining qualitative interviews with emerging adults who watch Glee. The participants consistently and overwhelmingly identified Glee as representing “progressive” emerging adult sexuality. Within that, three key themes emerged. First, identifying with Glee is a gendered practice. Second, Glee fandom aligns with an affinity for musical theater, which is traditionally considered a mirror for gay culture. Finally, while viewers recognized queer narrative content, it did not produce a broader acceptance of non-heterosexual identities. Viewers normalized their own (real, straight) identities in relation to the (fake, queer) identities shown in the narrative. 相似文献
514.
The relationship between Narcissistic, Compulsive, Dependent, and Antisocial personality traits, as measured by the MCMI-III, and the clinical presentation and the treatment outcome for Axis I disorders, as measured by the MMPI-II was investigated. The subjects were 86 Roman Catholic priests and nuns who participated in 6 to 8 months of residential treatment. Pretreatment evaluation of the patients included the MCMI-III and the MMPI-2. Clinical presentation of Axis I disorders was measured by pretreatment scores on MMPI scales 2 (Depression), 7 (Psychasthenia), content scale DEP (Depression), and content scale ANX (Anxiety). Treatment outcome was measured by posttreatment MMPI-2 scores on these four variables. The results of this study suggest that the level of personality traits a patient possesses can significantly impact the clinical presentation of an Axis I disorder. Although the 48 patients with MCMI-III base rate scores above 74 had significantly higher pretreatment MMPI-2 scores than the patients with lower MCMI-III scores, both groups obtained posttreatment MMPI scores well within normal limits. The intensive individual and group therapy, extended length of stay, and emphasis on community living that the residential program provides may account for these results. 相似文献
515.
William V. Massey Barbara B. Meyer Adam H. Naylor 《Psychology of sport and exercise》2013,14(1):12-20
ObjectivesThe purpose of the current study was to use a grounded theory methodology to better understand the psychological factors involved in training and competition in MMA.DesignA grounded theory methodology underpinned by an interpretivist epistemology was utilized in the current study.MethodsNine MMA athletes participated in formal, recorded interviews with one athlete participating in two recorded interviews. Additionally, observations and field notes from the first author were collected over a one-year period, and aided data collection and analysis. In line with grounded theory methodology (Weed, 2009), an iterative and constant comparison approach to data collection and analysis was employed until saturation was reached.ResultsThroughout data collection and analysis, self-regulation during a training camp emerged as integral to optimal performance. Motivation and ongoing evaluation aided fighters in their ability to self-regulate both external and internal factors related to training and performance. External factors associated with self-regulation consisted of the creation and maintenance of an ascetic routine through environmental regulation, social support, and structured amnesty. Internal factors associated with self-regulation consisted of deliberately induced pain and distress, which facilitated self-efficacy, and produced stress and fatigue.ConclusionsResults of the current study advance the scientific literature in sport psychology by examining the role of self-regulation in the performance of MMA fighters. As the popularity of MMA continues to increase, future research should also examine the role of self-regulation in other aspects of MMA (e.g., injury rehabilitation, life balance). 相似文献
516.
Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences - In this paper, we offer reasons to justify the explanatory credentials of dynamical modeling in the context of the metaplasticity thesis, located within a... 相似文献
517.
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519.
‘Acting in the Children’s Best Interest?’: Examining Victims’ Responses to Intimate Partner Violence
Silke Meyer 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(4):436-443
Victims’ responses to violent experiences within intimate relationships are highly diverse and can range from remaining silent,
at least temporarily, to disclosing the abuse to informal and formal sources of support. Decisions to remain silent or to
reach out for support are influenced by a complex range of factors, including situational circumstances, such as the presence
of children. Using data from in-depth interviews with victims of IPV (N = 29) in Southeast Queensland, Australia, I examined victims’ responses to IPV when children are present in the abusive household.
Victims, who accessed general formal support sources, including the criminal justice systems and Child Protection Services
(CPS), frequently faced stereotypical and victim-blaming attitudes along with a lack of understanding of the dynamics of IPV
and the circumstances surrounding victims’ help-seeking decisions. The presence of children in abuse relationships complicated
victims’ help-seeking decisions because fear of harm and loss of custody often delayed or hindered the disclosure of IPV to
formal support sources. Once disclosing the abuse victims often found themselves trapped between CPS expectations to protect
their children by leaving the abusive partner and a reluctance on behalf of judges and magistrates to offer the necessary
protection by including children on granted Domestic Violence Orders (DVO). These findings highlight the ongoing need for
specialized training of CPS personnel, judges and magistrates along with an ongoing collaboration with the women’s sector
to ensure the safety of victims and their children throughout the help-seeking process and to improve victims’ confidence
in disclosing IPV. 相似文献
520.
We describe the key features of the visual world paradigm and review the main research areas where it has been used. In our discussion we highlight that the paradigm provides information about the way language users integrate linguistic information with information derived from the visual environment. Therefore the paradigm is well suited to study one of the key issues of current cognitive psychology, namely the interplay between linguistic and visual information processing. However, conclusions about linguistic processing (e.g., about activation, competition, and timing of access of linguistic representations) in the absence of relevant visual information must be drawn with caution. 相似文献